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[考研英语]阅读：温家宝2013年两会政府工作报告(二)

2013-03-08 00:00:00来源：网络
　　财政赤字占国内生产总值的比重从2009年的2.8%降到去年的1.5%左右，赤字率和债务负担率保持在安全水平。加强地方政府性债务全面审计和地方政府融资平台管理，有效控制经济运行中的风险隐患。
　　As a result, the government deficit dropped from 2.8% of GDP in 2009 to about 1.5% last year, and both deficit-to-GDP and debt-to-GDP ratios remained at a safe level. We strengthened comprehensive auditing of local governments' debt and management of their financing platforms, thus effectively controlling latent economic risks.
　　在货币政策运用上，始终注意把握稳增长、控物价和防风险之间的平衡。
　　In employing monetary policy, we maintained a balance between ensuring steady growth, maintaining price stability and warding off risks.
　　金融体系运行稳健，银行业风险抵御能力持续增强，资本充足率从2007年底的8.4%提升到去年底的13.3%，不良贷款率由6.1%下降到0.95%，一直保持在较低水平。
　　The financial system functioned soundly. The banking sector became better able to avert risks. Its capital adequacy rate increased from 8.4% at the end of 2007 to 13.3% by the end of last year, and its non-performing loans were kept at a low level, dropping from 6.1% to 0.95%.
　　坚持搞好房地产市场调控不动摇，遏制了房价过快上涨势头。
　　We kept a firm grip on the real estate market and kept housing prices from rising too quickly.
　　2012年，在世界各大经济体增长全面减速、各种风险不断暴露的情况下，我们合理把握政策力度，保持财政预算支出规模不变，优化支出结构，扭转经济下滑趋势，全面实现年初确定的主要目标，
　　In 2012, when other major economies in the world were experiencing a slowdown in growth and constantly encountered new risks, we maintained a proper intensity in policy implementation, kept budgetary spending unchanged, improved the spending mix, and reversed the decline in economic growth.
　　国内生产总值增长7.8%，城镇新增就业1266万人，居民消费价格涨幅回落到2.6%，为今年经济发展打下好的基础。
　　As a result, we attained all the main targets set at the beginning of the year: GDP grew by 7.8%, 12.66 million urban jobs were created, and the rise in the CPI fell to 2.6%. All this laid a good foundation for China's economic development this year.
　　这五年：
　　Over the past five years:
　　我国宏观经济总体上保持增速平稳较快、
　　China's economy as a whole maintained steady and rapid growth.
　　物价相对稳定、
　　Prices remained fairly stable.
　　就业持续增加、
　　Employment steadily increased.
　　国际收支趋于平衡的良好态势，
　　The balance ofpayments moved toward equilibrium.
　　国内生产总值年均增长9.3%，显著高于同期全球和新兴经济体的增速，
　　GDP grew at an average annual rate of 9.3%, considerably higher than the average global rate and the average rate of other emerging economies for the same period.
　　通货膨胀率远低于其他新兴经济体。
　　China's inflation rate was also much lower than that of other emerging economies.
　　我国经济稳定，充满活力。
　　The Chinese economy is stable and full of vitality.
　　回首这五年，面对国际经济形势复杂多变、持续低迷的严峻挑战，中央科学判断、果断决策，有效避免了我国现代化进程因巨大的外部冲击而出现大的波折，实践证明这些决策部署是完全正确的。
　　In the last five years, faced with severe challenges posed by a complex and volatile international economic environment and a sluggish global economy, the central leadership, on the basis of a scientific judgment of the situation, made resolute decisions that steered China's modernization drive clear of major pitfalls created by huge external shocks. Experience fully proves these decisions and implementing steps were entirely correct.
　　二是加快经济结构调整，提高经济发展的质量和效益。
　　2. Accelerating adjustment ofthe economic structure and improving the quality and performance ofeconomic development
　　坚持实施扩大内需战略，内需对经济增长的贡献率明显提高，经常项目顺差占国内生产总值的比重从10.1%下降到2.6%。
　　We adhered to the strategy of expanding domestic demand. As a result, the contribution of domestic demand to economic growth increased significantly, and the share of current account surplus in the GDP dropped from 10.1% to 2.6%.
　　居民消费结构加快升级。
　　The upgrading in the mix of private consumption accelerated.
　　2012年底，城镇和农村人均住房面积32.9平方米、37.1平方米，分别比2007年增加2.8平方米和5.5平方米；
　　At the end of 2012, the per capita living area of urban and rural residents was 32.9 square meters and 37,1 square meters respectively, an increase of 2.8 and 5.5 over 2007.
　　城镇居民每百户拥有家用汽车21.5辆，比2007年增加15.5辆；
　　Car ownership stood at 21.5 cars per 100 urban households, an increase of 15.5 over 2007.
　　旅游、文化消费大幅增加。
　　Travel- and entertainment-related spending has risen substantially.
　　坚持走中国特色新型工业化道路，大力推进产业转型升级。
　　We adhered to the new path of industrialization with distinctive Chinese features and promoted transformation and upgrading of industrial sectors.
　　我国制造业规模跃居全球首位，高技术制造业增加值年均增长13.4%，成为国民经济重要先导性、支柱性产业；
　　China's manufacturing industry became the largest in the world. With added-value growing at an average annual rate of 13.4% during the past five years, high-tech manufacturing has become a leading pillar of the economy.
　　清洁能源、节能环保、新一代信息技术、生物医药、高端装备制造等一批战略性新兴产业快速发展。
　　Strategic emerging industries grew rapidly, including clean energy, energy conservation, environmental protection, next-generation information and communication technology, biomedicines, and high-end equipment manufacturing.
　　产品质量整体水平不断提高。
　　The overall quality of manufactured goods steadily improved.
　　服务业增加值占国内生产总值比重提高2.7个百分点，成为吸纳就业最多的产业。
　　The share of value-added of the service sector in the GDP increased by 2.7 percentage points, and it now creates more jobs than any other sector.
　　扎实推进节能减排和生态环境保护。五年累计，共淘汰落后炼铁产能1.17亿吨、炼钢产能7800万吨、水泥产能7.75亿吨；
　　We made steady progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions, and protecting the environment. Over the past five years, the following backward production facilities were closed: Iron works with a total output capacity of 117 million tons. Steel mills with a capacity of 78 million tons. Cement plants with a capacity of 775 million tons.
　　新增城市污水日处理能力4600万吨；单位国内生产总值能耗下降17.2%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫排放总量分别下降15.7%和17.5%。修订环境空气质量标准，增加细颗粒物PM2.5等监测指标。
　　Moreover, in the past five years: Daily urban sewage treatment capacity increased by 46 million tons. Energy consumption per unit ofGDP fell by 17.2%. Total chemical oxygen demand fell by 15.7%. Total sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 17.5%. Environmental air quality standards were revised. The air quality index for monitoring fine particulate matter (PM2 s) was added.
　　推进天然林保护、退耕还林、防沙治沙等重点生态工程建设，五年累计完成造林2953万公顷，治理沙漠化、石漠化土地1196万公顷，综合治理水土流失面积24.6万平方公里，整治国土面积18万平方公里。
　　Progress was made in major ecological projects to protect virgin forests, afforest marginal farmland, and prevent and control desertification. Over the past five years: Anadditional 29.53 million hectares of land were planted with trees. Desertification was halted on 11.96 million hectares of land. Soil erosion on 246,000 square kilometers of land was brought under control. A total of 180,000 square kilometers of land were improved.
　　深入实施区域发展总体战略，颁布实施全国主体功能区规划，制定西部大开发新十年指导意见和一系列区域发展规划，加快推进西藏、新疆等地区跨越式发展，
　　We implemented the master strategy for regional development, promulgated and implemented the national plan for developing functional zones, formulated new 10-year guidelines for the large-scale development of the western region and a number of regional development plans, and accelerated leapfrog development of Tibet and Xinjiang.
　　制定实施新十年农村扶贫开发纲要，将扶贫标准提高到2300元（2010年不变价），加强集中连片特殊困难地区扶贫攻坚。
　　We formulated and implemented a new ten-year program for rural poverty alleviation and development, raised the poverty line to 2,300 yuan at 2010 prices, and intensified efforts to alleviate poverty in contiguous areas with acute difficulties.
　　中西部和东北地区主要发展指标增速高于全国平均水平，东部地区产业转型升级步伐加快，各具特色、良性互动的区域发展格局正在形成。
　　Major economic indicators rose faster in the central and western regions and northeast China than the national average. Transformation and upgrading of the industrial sector in the eastern region accelerated, and a pattern of regional development is taking shape in which each region both has its distinctive strengths and draws on the strengths of other regions.
　　积极稳妥推进城镇化，五年转移农村人口8463万人，城镇化率由45.9%提高到52.6%，城乡结构发生了历史性变化。
　　We advanced urbanization actively yet prudently. Over the past five years: A total of 84.63 million rural residents migrated to urban areas. The urbanization level rose from 45.9"10 to 52.6%, marking a historic turning point in China's urban-rural population structure.
　　城乡、区域发展的协调性明显增强。
　　Development between urban and rural areas and between regions became more balanced.

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