2015年GCT英语语法备考辅导：复合从句（定语从句）

　　二、定语从句

　　限定性定语从句：一般紧接在所修饰的名词后，描写主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是主句不可缺少的一部分。

　　非限定性定语从句：为主句所描写的人或物提供一些附加情况，没有它，主句意义仍然完整。位于所修饰的名词之后，用逗号与主句分开。

　　关系代词的选用

　　限定性定语从句

　　The man who robbed the bank has been arrested.

　　The woman( whom/who/that) I told you about came back yesterday.

　　The VCD (which) I bought yesterday broke down.

　　That’s the man whose house has been burnt down.

　　That was the year when he was born.

　　Let’s meet at the gate where you can see the panda.

　　Can you tell me the reason why you are late

　　非限定性定语从句

　　You can talk to Mr. Thomson, who is now in his office.

　　He introduced me to his wife, whom I hadn’t met before.

　　His house, which he bought for $10,000 ten years ago, is now worth $ 35,000.

　　He was very nervous during his first job interview, which was understandable.

　　We will discuss the problem tomorrow, when you calm down.

　　He lived in an attic in an old house, where he had a good view of the city.

　　重要考点

　　1 、限定性定语从句中，关系代词做宾语时可以省略

　　2、 当先行词是

　　*all, something, nothing 等不定代词时

　　*first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no 等词修饰时

　　*形容词最高级修饰时只用that不用which

　　3 、非限定性定语从句只能用which 不用that

　　非限制性定语从句中只能用which，可以指代前面的一个词，也可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似。例如：

　　He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.

　　他比赛获胜，令他父母十分欣慰。

　　4、 As在定语从句中的用法

　　1)引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

　　(1)as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。

　　such… as; same…as

　　It wasn’t such a good dinner as she had promised us

　　(2)as 也可单独使用，引导非限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：

　　The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.

　　2)As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置

　　as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面.中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后

　　As we all know, Taiwan is a part of China.

　　Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen, which (as ) is known to all.

　　5 、做介词宾语时，如介词位于关系代词前一般用which 或whom, 如介词位于句末，也可使用that,且可省略。

　　The earth on which we are now living came into being long, long ago.

　　The earth (which/that) we are now living on came into being long, long ago.

　　6 、误区

　　That was the time that/which I still remember today.

　　That was the time when(at which) he came.

　　That is the factory that/which we are going to visit.

　　That is the factory where(in which) my brother works.

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