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2015年考研英语句子翻译精练(三)

2014-06-11 14:21:04来源:新东方在线编辑整理

 考研英语翻译最重要的是把握句子机构,直击重点翻译。把也就是说把句子的结构划分清楚,然后重难点翻译捋清,整个句子就可以通顺的翻译出来,再加以渲染和润色即可。新东方在线小编奉上一些句子翻译练习,附有解说,希望广大考生能够通过这些例子提高自身翻译技巧

  2015年考研英语翻译精练(三)

  1、Robert Fulton once wrote,"The mechanic should sit down among levers,screws,wedges,wheels,ect.,like a poet among the letter of the alphabet,considing them as an exhibition of his thought,in which a new arrangment transmits a new idea."

  参考答案:

  要点:句子框架Robert Fulton once wrote, “The mechanic should sit down…, like a …, considering them as…, in which a…”。应注意:有省略。1)like…分句是省略了who 的主语从句中的分句,considering…分句是现在分词引导的状语从句。这个状语从句可以拿到句首,也可以在句尾。一般来说较长的状语从句置于句尾,较短的置于句首,为的是使句子看上去显得简洁一些。2)like分句中出现了比较多的省略,补全以后是who like a poet who is among the letters…。英语中的从句之所以是难点就是因为大量地省略引导词。

  翻译:罗博特?富尔顿曾经写道,机械工将坐在杠杆、螺丝、楔、轮子等周围,像诗人对待字母表中的每个字母一样,把它们作为自己的思路展示,每一个新组合都传送一个新概念

  2、Towns like Bournemouth and Eastboune sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.

  参考答案:

  要点:句子主干:Towns…sprang up…classes who…, and who…。应注意: 1)有并列从句。分析句子主干很容易看到这也是一个典型的定语从句结构,分句由who…,and who…两个并列结构组成。注意like并不是谓语而是介词短语作定语,真正的主句谓语是sprang up。retire on指“依靠什么而退休(多跟表收入的名词)”。2)that of drawing dividends 结构中,draw是收取的意思,dividend指红利,that of sth结构是名词性的,that of sth相当于which is结构,目的都是修饰前面的名词。注意后面还有attending…是省略了which were的定语从句,把of sth结构和定语从句交替使用是英语中长难句的惯用手法,目的是避免行文的单调,考生朋友们要注意分辨。

  翻译:像Bournemouth和Eastboune这样的城市兴起了,大批隐退的享乐阶层人士靠自己的收入,在这里过着悠闲的生活。他们与群体之外的人没有联系,只是分取红利,偶尔参加股东会议,对管理人员发号施令。

  3、Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class , an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.

  参考答案:

  要点:主干是:Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased …shareholders as a class, (which was) an element…。本句是典型的非限定性定语从句,难点在其主语和宾语都有较长的短语和of结构限定,并且分句是由两个and相连的3个部分组成的。分句an element…landowners 又带有两个定语从句,一个是(which was)representing… ,另一个是(which was)detached…。可见,定语从句的难点在于经常省略“引导词+be”的结构,从而在理解上容易和分词结构相混淆。

  译文:对资本和企业的这种大规模的非个人操纵大大增加了股东作为一个阶级的数量和重要性。这个阶层作为国计民生的一部分,代表了非个人责任的财富与土地及土地所有者应尽义务的分离,而且也几乎与责任管理相分离。

  4、The idea that people can behave "naturally" without resorting to an artificial code tacitly agreed upon by their society is as silly as the idea that they can communicate by using a language without commonly accepted grammatical rules.

  参考答案:

  要点:that people can behave...by their society和that they can communicate...都是The idea 的同位语从句。without resorting to an artificial code tacitly agreed upon by their society是介词短语作状语,修饰behave。tacitly agreed upon by their society是过去分词短语作定语,修饰code。without commonly accepted grammatical rules是介词短语作定语,修饰language。

  译文:那种认为人们无需借助一种全社会都默认的人为制定的规范而我行我素的想法,就像认为人们可以用一种没有被普遍认可的语法规则的语言来进行交流的想法一样愚蠢。

  5、It suggests that you look for mutual gains wherever possible, and that where your interests conflict, you should insist that the result be based on some fair standards independent of the will of either side.

  参考答案:

  要点:It suggests后有两个有that引导的宾语从句。第一个分句中wherever possible是wherever it is possible的省略,是由连词wherever引导的状语从句。第二个宾语从句中where your interests conflict是由连词where引导的状语从句。independent of the will of either side是standards的后置定语。

  译文:它建议你要尽可能地为双方谋取利益,并且当双方利益发生冲突时,你应坚持谈判的结果应建立在不以任何一方的意志为转移的某些公平原则的基础上。

  温馨提示:要想提高考研英语翻译能力,最好的方法就是多做练习,多总结。俗话说得好,熟能生巧,就是要考生通过量的练习,达到质的飞跃。最后,祝愿所有备战2015年考研的同学都能够坚持到底,赢得最终的胜利!

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