2015考研英语阅读理解模拟试题（十）

　　2015考研英语复习正在如火如荼的进行中，考研专家建议可以按考研题型分别进行重点复习，考研英语阅读理解是考研英语中分值最高的，新东方在线小编特地整理了2015考研英语阅读理解模拟试题供大家模拟练习，希望大家认真做题，错题着重看解析及译文，经过练习阅读理解能力必能有所提高。

　　十、小说真相

　　Nadine Gordimer has never written an autobiography or produced testimonies. She works in the imaginative dimension, always on an expedition into the mysteries of human experience. She does not appear “armed and dangerous,” as her friend Ronnie Kasrils, one-time terrorist, later cabinet minister, was described by the police as late as 1992; but, in fact, she is, for hardly anyone has so vividly alerted the world to how apartheid undermined relations between people and made innocence criminal.

　　“Nothing I say in essays and articles will be as true as my fiction,” she stated in an interview in Transition. Because fiction is a disguise, it can “encompass all the things that go unsaid among other people and in yourself... There is always, subconsciously, some kind of self-censorship in nonfiction.” She added that, in a certain sense, a writer is selected by her subject, which is the consciousness of her own era.

　　Today, Nadine Gordimer lives and writes in a half-formed society of a kind almost never before seen on earth. Black and white have agreed to bring about a multiracial democracy by their faith as much as by their work. But the present stems from the past, and apartheid’s contempt for human life now expresses itself in street killings, and armed robbery.

　　Gordimer’s territory has always been the border between private emotions and external forces. There are no neutral zones where people can rest unobserved. In a land of lies, everyone lives a double life. Only love stands for a sort of liberty, the glimpse of a more truthful existence. Outside the lovers’ chamber, there is a society, greedy, immoral where empathy and responsibility for others, whatever skin colour, are rare. Thus, every meeting becomes instrumental or absurd. In many of her stories, Gordimer reminds us that the future of South Africa is not only a question of votes for all but one that requires immense effort to create a civil spirit, allowing people to look each other in the eye.

　　The responsibility of love and the loss of understanding, the loss of a grip on the world that comes with the end of love, are central themes in all of Gordimer’s books. She is a moralist of a kind Alfred Nobel would have approved. She finds an uncommitted life not worth living. Her revolutionaries or human rights lawyers may have agonising personal problems, but they do not give up. In her later novels, there are people with energy and vision, as well as those who see nothing clearly — the former women, the latter often men. Gordimer seems to keep her characters at a distance in order to maintain a sense of the unknowable. Then one may discover, as André Brink says, “that one’s very attempt at understanding or confronting the mystery opens up spaces of awareness one has not suspected before.” Her true concerns reach beyond issues of the time to test the limits of human relationships and of language itself _____.

　　1. It is true of Nadine Gordimer that .

　　[A] she is a politician and enthusiastic opponent of apartheid [B] her work is of moral force but lacking in imagination

　　[C] she has kept the true face of racism in front of us [D] her work presents the portrait of the development of South Africa

　　2. To which of the following statements would Nadine Gordimer be least likely to agree?

　　[A] Violence should be used during the anti-apartheid struggle. [B] Novels are freer in expression and more faithful to truth.

　　[C] Spritual equality is as important as political equality. [D] A writer is influenced by the context in which he or she is.

　　3. By “the present stems from the past”(Line 3, Paragraph 3), the author means _____.

　　[A] apartheid’s injustice still bring about social crimes today [B] South Africa is on the journey towards a multiracial democracy

　　[C]multiracial democracy can help solve complex society problems [D] the influence of racism shows sign of increasing

　　4. What are the central themes of Gordimer’s works?

　　[A] The racism and democracy of South Africa. [B] The relations between blacks and whites.

　　[C] The growth of black consciousness. [D] Impacts of politics on the personal emotions.

　　5. Gordimer’s main characters seem to be _____.

　　[A] the oppressed blacks [B] resolute political fighters [C] men of extraordinary intelligence [D] short-sighted women

　　答案：1.C 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.B

　　核心词汇和超纲词汇

　　(1)testimony(n.)证据、证明;证词，证言;口供

　　(2)expedition(n.)远征，探险，考察，如to go on an ~ to the North Pole(去北极探险)

　　(3)apartheid(n.)(南非)种族隔离

　　(4)encompass(v.)包围，环绕，包含或包括某事物

　　(5)censorship(n.)审查机构，审查制度;censor(v.)检查，审查

　　(6)glimpse(n.)(at/of)一瞥，一看;(into/of)短暂的感受(或体验、领会)，如a fascinating ~ into life in the ocean(对海洋生物的一次短暂而动人心魄的感受)

　　(7)instrumental(a.)器具的;作为手段[工具]的;有帮助的，起作用的

　　(8)grip(n.)紧抓;控制，影响;理解，了解 lose one’s grip on sth.失去(对……的)理解(或控制)

　　(9)uncommitted(a.)不承担义务的，不受(诺言)约束的;committed(a.)承担义务的; 忠于既定立场的，坚定的

　　(10)agonising(a.)烦恼的，苦闷的;agonise(v.)(about/over)苦苦思索，焦虑不已

　　全文翻译

　　娜汀•葛蒂玛从来不写自传或者创作评述文章。她在想象的空间创作，一直在探索人类之神秘体验。她不像她的朋友罗烈•卡斯瑞斯那样看起来“武装的、危险的”。罗烈.卡斯瑞斯到1992年时被警察描述成“以前的恐怖主义者，后来的内阁大臣”。然而事实上，几乎没有人像葛蒂玛这样如此鲜明地警告世界，种族隔离是怎样破坏了人们之间的关系并制造了无辜的犯人。

　　娜汀•葛蒂玛在Transition的一次采访中声明：“我的随笔和文章中的内容都不像我的小说那样真实”。因为小说是一个伪装物，它能够“包含所有其他人和你自己没有说出口的所有事情。在非小说作品中却有一种无意识的自我审查”。娜汀•葛蒂玛语气肯定地补充道，作家的主题，即她所处时代的意识，选择作家。

　　今天，娜汀•葛蒂玛在一个几乎没在地球上出现过的半成形的社会里生活并创作。黑人和白人已经同意以他们的信念和努力建立多民族的民主。但是现在源于过去，种族隔离对人类生命的歧视现在仍以街道谋杀和持枪抢劫的形式出现。

　　娜汀•葛蒂玛的创作领域一直处于个人情绪和外在因素的分界线，没有可以让人不被觉察的中立领域。在谎言的国度中，每个人都过着双面的生活。只有爱代表着某种自由，以及对更真实的存在的短暂感受。在爱人的房间之外，是一个贪婪和邪恶的社会，在这个社会中，对任何肤色的他人的同情和责任感都是罕见的。因此，所有的会面都成了意义重大或可笑的行为。葛蒂玛在她的许多小说中都提醒我们，南非的未来不仅仅是所有人都具有选举权的问题，而且要求付出极大的努力创造一种公民精神，使人们能够互相坦然地正视。

　　爱的责任和理解能力的丢失，对爱走到尽头的世界的无能为力，都是葛蒂玛作品的中心主题。她是一个阿尔弗雷德•诺贝尔都会同意的道德家。她发现不承担义务的生命是不值得生存的。她的革命者和人权辩护者可能会有苦闷的个人问题，但是他们并不放弃。在她后来的作品中，有力量和远见兼备的人，也有一些什么也看不清楚的人，前者指女性，后者多指男性。葛蒂玛似乎与她的人物保持一段距离，以便保持不知情的状态。然后如同安德烈•布林克所说的那样，人们可能发现：“人们都试图理解或者面对神秘敞开的人们从未怀疑过的意识空间”。她真挚的关注超越了用时间来检验人类关系和语言本身的界限。

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