2015考研英语阅读理解模拟试题（十二）

　　2015考研英语复习正在如火如荼的进行中，考研专家建议可以按考研题型分别进行重点复习，考研英语阅读理解是考研英语中分值最高的，新东方在线小编特地整理了2015考研英语阅读理解模拟试题供大家模拟练习，希望大家认真做题，错题着重看解析及译文，经过练习阅读理解能力必能有所提高。

　　十二、华尔街日报赢得公共信任

　　The Wall Street Journal has continued as the world’s most credible news source and one that refused to conform to the passing prejudice and error of the journalistic herd. Naturally the Journal receives ongoing abuse from the herd for its distressing independence. Yet, rarely is the criticism straightforward but rather an assault on the conservatism of the Journal’s editorial page, which strikes conformist journalists as an insult and is the real cause of the herd’s distress. Rather the criticism focuses on the Journal’s bottom line, its sluggish share price, and rumors that the family controlling the paper, the Bancroft family, is unhappy and about to sell it.

　　The rumors of the Bancrofts’ unhappiness are all highly exaggerated and quickly refuted. For this proud family whose ancestor, Clarence W. Barron, purchased the Journal and with it the Dow Jones news service in 1902 conceives of its ownership as a “public trust.” That is how Roy A. Hammer, a lawyer and trustee for the entities through which the Bancrofts control the paper, described their sense of ownership. This is not so unusual. Great newspapers have always played a major role in American civic life. I said “great newspapers,” serious newspapers, the kind that put gathering news ahead of sensationalism.

　　Most of the truly profitable newspapers in the country today are essentially shopping circulars with some cheap journalism printed on those pages not devoted to shopping mall sales. The great newspaper chains take over local papers, fire journalists, and set out to fill their pages with still more advertisements. Well, they supply a service. They let readers know about the price, say, of chicken at the Giant or snow tires at the CVS. But fewer and fewer local newspapers supply much news and analysis. Great newspapers do, and not one that I know of makes a vast amount of money.

　　Great newspapers do help to set the agenda for the nation. They break stories of corruption or on other vital matters. One of the few things I find admirable about the New York Times is that its controlling family, the Sulzberger family, is not intent on squeezing every penny of profit out of its flagship paper. Thus last week when I read a long critique in the Times of the Wall Street Journal’s management for its sluggish financial performance, I discovered hypocrisy.

　　The hypocrisy is all the greater coming from liberals who are criticizing conservatives for their alleged devotion the “Almighty Dollar.” Profits are essential to all businesses. For one thing they are a very accurate poll of the populace’s tastes, but there are other services some corporations supply to society. Both the Journal and the Times supply—at too high a cost—information that enlightens the citizenry.

　　1. The journalistic herd’s distress is caused by the Wall Street Journal’s _____.

　　[A] credibility [B] prejudice [C] conformism [D] professionalism

　　2. The Bancroft family purchased the Wall Street Journal to _____.

　　[A] sell it for a higher price [B] promote the Dow Jones news service

　　[C] dominate the great newspapers chains [D] influence American civic life

　　3. It can be inferred from the passage that great newspapers _____ .

　　[A] have to engage in a form of sensationalism [B] make a bigger profit than local papers

　　[C] supply much news and analysis [D] refuse to accept the error of the journalistic herd

　　4. The author says “I discovered hypocrisy” (Last line, Paragraph 4), because _____ .

　　[A] the Times was involved in corruption [B] the Times was becoming profit-driven

　　[C] the Times was attacking the Journal [D] the Journal was in financial difficulty

　　5. The author seems to believe that all the newspapers should _____.

　　[A] maxmize the profit [B] satisfy the public’s tastes [C] provide social services [D] inform the readers at a high cost

　　答案：1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.C

　　核心词汇与超纲词汇

　　(1)passing(a.)暂时的，瞬间的，一时之兴的;经过的，过往的

　　(2)herd(n.)兽群;人群，芸芸众生，the common ~普通百姓，follow the ~随大流

　　(3)journalistic(a.)新闻业的，新闻工作(者)的;journalist新闻工作者

　　(4)ongoing(a.)持续存在的，仍在进行的;不断发展的

　　(5)distressing(a.)悲伤的，使痛苦的，使烦恼的

　　(6)strike sb as sth.给(某人以……)印象，让(某人)觉得，如His reaction struck me as odd(他的反应令我诧异)。

　　(7)conformist(n.)墨守成规的人

　　(8)bottom line要旨，基本论点;最重要的原则，最后的底线

　　(9)conceive(v.)(of sth. As sth.)(主义、计划等)构想，想象，设想

　　(10)ownership(n.)所有权，产权;物主身份，东家

　　(11)entity(n.)实体

　　(12)circular(n.)传单，广告，文件，公告

　　(13)break(v.)透露，传开，如There was a public outcry when the scandal broke(丑闻一传开，舆论一片哗然)。

　　(14)enlighten (v.)启发，启蒙，教导，授予...知识，开导

　　全文翻译

　　《华尔街日报》一直以来作为世界上非常可靠的新闻信息来源而存在，它拒绝顺从新闻群体中出现的暂时的偏见和错误。自然，该日报因为它令人苦恼的独立性不断受到新闻群体的攻击。但是这种批评很少是直截针对日报的，而是对社论版因循守旧的立场的攻击，这种攻击被墨守陈规者视为侮辱同时也是引起新闻群体烦恼的真正原因。更确切的说，批评的矛头指向了日报的基本原则，它疲软的股价以及控制日报的班克罗夫特家族不悦并即将出售它的传闻。

　　有关班克罗夫特家族不悦的传闻被极大的渲染并很快遭到了驳斥。因为其祖先克莱伦斯•巴伦于1902年收购了该日报和道琼斯新闻服务而骄傲的班克罗夫特家族，设想自己成为“公共信任”的所有者。班克罗夫特家族控制报界的这些实体的律师兼托管人罗伊•哈默也这样描述它们的所有权意识。这并不是什么特别罕见的事。大报纸在美国市民生活中总是发挥重要的作用。我说的是“大报纸”，是严肃的报纸，那一类把收集新闻看做比报道耸人听闻的消息更大报纸。

　　目前，这个国家里大多数真正有利可图的报纸基本是购物广告，在不专门用于商业街销售的页面上印有一些廉价的新闻。大的报业集团接管地方报业，解雇新闻记者，然后尽力用更多的广告填充版面。它们也提供服务：让读者了解“巨人”牌鸡肉或者CVS的雪地防滑轮胎的价格。但是越来越少的地方报纸提供较多的新闻和分析，大报纸则提供，而且在我所了解的范围内，没有一家赚到大笔的钱。

　　大报纸确实帮助国家安排议程。它们揭露受贿或其他重大事件。我发现《纽约时报》令人钦佩的一点是：控制该报纸的苏兹贝格家族没有致力于从它的旗舰报纸中榨取每一美分的利润。因此，上周当我在《时报》上读到一篇对《华尔街日报》疲软的财政表现的管理的批评时，我发现了伪善。

　　这种伪善更多地来自自由派批评保守派，因为他们声称热爱“万能的美金”。对于所有企业来说，利润都是最本质的。首先它非常准确地反映了大众的品味，但是也有一些其他的服务是需要新闻机构提供给社会的。《日报》和《时报》都以过高的代价提供启迪公民的信息。

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