2015考研英语阅读理解模拟试题（十三）

　　2015考研英语复习正在如火如荼的进行中，考研专家建议可以按考研题型分别进行重点复习，考研英语阅读理解是考研英语中分值最高的，新东方在线小编特地整理了2015考研英语阅读理解模拟试题供大家模拟练习，希望大家认真做题，错题着重看解析及译文，经过练习阅读理解能力必能有所提高。

　　十三、基因技术在刑侦中的应用

　　Violent criminals with something to hide have more reason than ever to be paranoid about a tap on the shoulder which could send them to jail. Queensland police are working through a backlog of unsolved murders with some dramatic success. Greater cooperation between the public and various law enforcement agencies is playing a role, but new genetic-testing techniques are the real key to providing the vital evidence to mount a prosecution.

　　Evidence left behind at the scene of any murder is guaranteed to outlive the person who left it. A blood, saliva or tissue sample in the size of a pin, kept dry and out of sunlight, will last several thousand years. From it, scientific analysis now can tell accurately the sex of the person who left it.

　　When matched against a sample from a crime suspect, it can indicate with million-to-one certainty whether the samples come from the same source. Only twins share identical DNA. So precise is the technology if the biological parents of a suspect agree to provide a sample, forensic scientists can work out the rest for themselves without cooperation from the suspect.

　　Queensland forensic scientists have been using the DNA testing technology since 1992, and last year they were recognized internationally for their competence in positive individual identification. That is part of the reason 20 of Queensland’s most puzzling unsolved murders dating to 1932 are being actively investigated. There also have been several recent arrests for unsolved murders.

　　Forensic evidence was instrumental in charges being laid over the bashing death of waitress Tasha Douty on Brampton Island in 1983. Douty’s blood-splattered, naked body was found on a nude sunbathing beach at Dinghy Bay on the island. Footprints in the sand indicated that the killer had grappled with the 21-year-old mother who had fled up the beach before being caught and beaten to death.

　　According to Leo Freney, the supervising forensic scientist at the John Tonge Centre at Brisbane’s Griffith University, DNA testing has become an invaluable tool for police. Its use is in identifying and rejecting suspects. In fact, he says, it eliminates more people than it convicts.

　　“It is easily as good as fingerprints for the purpose of identification,” he says. “In the case of violent crime it is better than fingerprints. You can’t innocently explain things like blood and semen at a crime scene where you may be able to innocently explain fingerprints.” In Queensland, a person who has been arrested on suspicion of an offence can be taken before a magistrate and ordered to provide a sample of body fluid by force if necessary.

　　1. What is implied in the first sentence of the first paragraph?

　　[A] Law punishments are always slow. [B] Justice has long arms.

　　[C] Everyone is equal before the law. [D] A burnt child dreads the fire.

　　2. In Queensland, dramatic progress made in investigating unresolved murders is because of _____.

　　[A] the greater cooperation between suspects and police [B] the simplification of the criminal prosecution process

　　[C] forensic scientists’ ability in positive individual identification [D] new techniques in finding footprints of murders

　　3. Evidence left behind at the scene of a crime is all of the following EXCEPT _____.

　　[A] blood [B] tissue [C] footprints [D] pin

　　4. What can be inferred from the text?

　　[A] Criminal evidence could be kept well in dry and warm places. [B] The high accuracy of genetic testing lies in DNA’s uniqueness.[C] DNA testing provides the vital evidence in Tasha Douty Case. [D] Fingerprints are better than DNA to convict suspects.

　　5. By the use of new technology, forensic scientists can _____.

　　[A] work out the result of DNA completely by themselves [B] eliminate more suspects than identify them

　　[C] tell the appearance of a murder from the evidence left [D] order the suspect to provide a sample of body fluid by law

　　答案:1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B

　　核心词汇与超纲词汇

　　(1)paranoid(a.)多疑的，恐惧的;患偏执症的，有妄想狂的

　　(2)backlog(n.)积压的工作

　　(3)enforcement(n.)执行，强制;enforce(v.)

　　(4)prosecution(n.)告发，起诉，检举;原告，控方;实施，从事，进行;

　　(5)be guaranteed to do sth.肯定会，必定会，如She is guaranteed to find out it(她肯定会发现)。

　　(6)outlive(v.)比……活得长;(在……结束或消失后)继续存在

　　(7)forensic(a.)法医的，(用于)法庭的

　　(8)unsolved(a.)未解决的，未破解的，如an ~ murder/mystery/problem未破案的谋杀事件;未解开的迷团;未解决的问题

　　(9)bash(v.)猛击，猛撞;殴打，连接攻击;严厉批评

　　(10)splatter(v.)溅泼，说话结巴

　　(11)magistrate(n.)地方行政官，地方法官，治安官

　　全文翻译

　　有事情要隐瞒的暴力罪犯现在更有理由害怕别人拍一下他们的肩膀，因为这能将他们送进监狱。昆士兰的警察正成功地破获一推积压多年未侦破的谋杀案件。公众和各家执法机构的合作起了一定作用，但对于提供足以起诉的重要证据，新的基因检测技术是关键。

　　谋杀后留下现场的证据肯定在留下它的人离开后继续存在。针头大小的血迹、唾液和皮肤组织，如果保持干爽，避免阳光照射，将持续保存几千年。根据这些证据，科学的分析可以精确到辨别出留下它的人的性别。

　　当把它和犯罪嫌疑人的样本进行对照时，它能以百万分之一的精确性说明这些样本是否来自同一人。只有双胞胎的DNA会完全一样。该项技术准确性如此之高，如果嫌疑人的亲身父母同意提供样本，即使没有嫌疑人的合作，法医也能够知道DNA的剩余部分。

　　昆士兰的法医们自1992年一直在使用DNA测试技术，并在去年因其正确的个人识别能力而得到国际认可。这部分解释了为什么昆士兰早至1932年最令人迷惑的未侦破的谋杀案中的20件正在接受积极的调查。最近也有几个未侦破案件的凶手被捕。

　　法医的证据对于1983年班顿岛女招待塔莎•道迪被殴打至死案件的起诉起了关键作用。塔莎•道迪溅满了血、赤裸的尸体在一个裸体日光浴海滩被发现。沙滩上的脚印表明，这位21岁的母亲在被凶手抓住打死之前，逃到了海滩上，并和凶手搏斗过。

　　布里斯班格里菲斯大学约翰•唐恩中心的主管法医Leo Freney认为，DNA技术已经成为警方极其有价值的工具。它可以用来确认和排除嫌疑人，事实上被排除的人数要多于被确认的人数。

　　他说，“用于辨认罪犯时，基因检测和指纹一样有效。并且在侦破刑事案件时，基因检测比指纹更加有效。人们在犯罪现场留下指纹时可以解释自己是无辜的，留下血液和精液时就不能了”。在昆士兰，因作案嫌疑被捕的人可以被带到地方法官那里，并在必要时被强制要求提供体液。

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