2015考研英语阅读理解模拟试题（十七）

　　2015考研英语复习正在如火如荼的进行中，考研专家建议可以按考研题型分别进行重点复习，考研英语阅读理解是考研英语中分值最高的，新东方在线小编特地整理了2015考研英语阅读理解模拟试题供大家模拟练习，希望大家认真做题，错题着重看解析及译文，经过练习阅读理解能力必能有所提高。

　　十七、网络发明

　　Timothy Berners-Lee might be giving Bill Gates a run for the money, but he passed up his shot at fabulous wealth—intentionally—in 1990. That’s when he decided not to patent the technology used to create the most important software innovation in the final decade of the 20th century: the World Wide Web. Berners-Lee wanted to make the world a richer place, not a mass personal wealth. So he gave his brainchild to us all.

　　Berners-Lee regards today’s Web as a rebellious adolescent that can never fulfill his original expectations. By 2005, he hopes to begin replacing it with the Semantic Web—a smart network that will finally understand human languages and make computers virtually as easy to work with as other humans.

　　As envisioned by Berners-Lee, the new Web would understand not only the meaning of words and concepts but also the logical relationships among them. That has awesome potential. Most knowledge is built on two pillars: semantics and mathematics. In number-crunching, computers already outclass people. Machines that are equally adroit at dealing with language and reason won’t just help people uncover new insights; they could blaze new trails on their own.

　　Even with a fairly crude version of this future Web, mining online repositories for nuggets of knowledge would no longer force people to wade through screen after screen of extraneous data. Instead, computers would dispatch intelligent agents, or software messengers, to explore Web sites by the thousands and logically sift out just what’s relevant. That alone would provide a major boost in productivity at work and at home. But there’s far more.

　　Software agents could also take on many routine business chores, such as helping manufacturers find and negotiate with lowest-cost parts suppliers and handling help-desk questions. The Semantic Web would also be a bottomless trove of eureka insights. Most inventions and scientific breakthroughs, including today’s Web, spring from novel combinations of existing knowledge. The Semantic Web would make it possible to evaluate more combinations overnight than a person could juggle in a lifetime. Sure scientists and other people can post ideas on the Web today for others to read. But with machines doing the reading and translating technical terms, related ideas from millions of Web pages could be distilled and summarized. That will lift the ability to assess and integrate information to new heights. The Semantic Web, Berners-Lee predicts, will help more people become more intuitive as well as more analytical. It will foster global collaborations among people with diverse cultural perspectives, so we have a better chance of finding the right solutions to the really big issues—like the environment and climate warming.

　　1.Had he liked, Berners-Lee could have _____.

　　[A] created the most important innovation in the 1990s [B] accumulated as much personal wealth as Bill Gates

　　[C] patented the technology of Microsoft software [D] given his brainchild to us all

　　2.The Semantic Web will be superior to today’s web in that it _____.

　　[A] surpasses people in processing numbers [B] fulfills user’s original expectations

　　[C] deals with language and reason as well as number [D] responds like a rebellious adult

　　3.To search for any information needed on tomorrow’s Web, one only has to _____.

　　[A] wade through screen after screen of extraneous data

　　[B] ask the Web to dispatch some messenger to his door

　　[C] use smart software programs called “agents”

　　[D] explore Web sites by the thousands and pick out what’s relevant

　　4.Thanks to the Web of the future, _____.

　　[A] millions of web pages can be translated overnight

　　[B] one can find most inventions and breakthroughs online

　　[C] software manufacturers can lower the cost of computer parts

　　[D] scientists using different specialty terms can collaborate much better

　　5.The most appropriate title for this text is.

　　[A] Differences between Two Webs [B] The Humanization of Computer Software

　　[C] A New Solution to World Problems [D] The Creator and His Next Creation

　　答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.D

　　核心词汇或超纲词汇

　　(1)shot(n.)机会;努力;试图a fair ~ at the part in the play出演剧中角色的公平的机会

　　(2)fabulous(a.)神话般的;惊人的，难以置信的，巨大的

　　(3)mass(a.)大规模的，集中的;群众的(n.)质量;群众;大量(v.)聚集

　　(4)brainchild(n.)脑力劳动成果(指计划、发明等)

　　(5)rebellious(a.)反叛的;难于对付的;rebel(v.)造反(者);反叛(者);rebellion(n.)叛乱;反抗，不服从

　　(6)adolescent(n.)青少年(a.)青春期的

　　(7)envision(v.)想象，预想

　　(8)awesome(a.)引起敬畏的，可怕的

　　(9)crunch(v.)嘎扎嘎扎的咬嚼;处理(数字或数学数据)

　　(10)outclass(v.)远高于;远胜过;out-为前缀，意为“超出”，如outlive比...长命outgo走得比...远或快，优于

　　(11)adroit(a.)熟练的;灵巧的be ~ in/at善于

　　(12)blaze(v.)燃烧，照耀;领导，开拓~ a trail/path/way闯出新路，开辟路径

　　(13)repository(n.)n. 仓库，贮藏室;知识库;智囊团

　　(14)nugget(n.)贵金属块(尤指天然金块);有价值的小东西或想法a useful ~ of information一条有用的宝贵信息

　　(15)trove(n.)被发现或收藏的东西

　　(16)eureka在希腊语里的意思是“我找到了”或“我发现了”，这个词借入英语是纪念阿基米德在洗澡时发现浮力定律，现在一般指“因发现某物或某问题的答案而高心”

　　全文翻译

　　伯纳斯•李本可以与比尔•盖茨在财富上一较高低，但是他在1990年(主动)放弃了取得巨额财富的机会。当时伯纳斯•李决定不为那项用来创造20世纪90年代最重要的软件发明——万维网——的技术申请专利。伯纳斯•李想使全世界更加富有，而不是个人的巨额财富。因此，他把自己的创意给了我们所有的人。

　　伯纳斯•李认为今天的网络像一个反叛的青少年，永远达不到他最初的期望。到2005年，他希望开始用语义万维网取而代之，这是一种将最终理解人类语言并使电脑在事实上像其他人类一样容易合作的智能网络。

　　据伯纳斯•李设想，新的万维网将不止能理解词语和概念的意思还能理解它们之间的逻辑关系。它的潜能是可怕的。多数知识都建立在两大支柱之上：语义学和数学。在处理数字方面，电脑已超过了人类。在处理语言和逻辑方面同样熟练的机器将不止帮助人们洞察到新的知识，还可能为它们自己开辟新的道路。

　　即使使用未来网络的一个很粗糙的版本，人们在网上知识的宝库中淘金时，也不必再艰难地翻阅一屏又一屏的无关数据了。相反，电脑将派出智能代理商或软件使者(代替你)去查询数以千计的网站，并按逻辑选出相关信息。只这一点就会给工作和家庭中的生产力带来巨大的推动。但是还远不止这些。

　　软件代理商还能承担许多日常商务，如帮助制造商找到价格最低的零件供应商，并与其谈判、帮助解决问讯台的问题。语义万维网也会是新发现的无底宝库。多数发明和科学突破，包括今天的万维网，都来自已有知识的新组合。语义万维网将可以在一夜之间比一个人一辈子评估的知识的组合还要多。当然，今天科学家和其他人能够把想法贴到万维网上供别人阅读。但有了可以阅读和翻译专用术语的机器，成百万的网页上的相关信息就可以得到分析和总结。这将把评定和整合信息的能力提高到新的水平。伯纳斯•李预言，语义万维网“将帮助更多的人更加有直觉和分析能力。它将促进不同文化背景的人之间的全球性合作，因此我们有更好的机会找到那些真正的大问题的正确解决方案，如环境和气候变暖问题。”

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