2015考研英语阅读理解长难句解析50句（四）

　　考研英语阅读最难的就是长难句的理解，新东方在线小编整理了2015考研英语阅读理解长难句解析50句，希望考研考生可以通过长难句解析来提高考研英语阅读理解能力。

　　31. Consequently, most of the world's fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为 most of the...fridges are to be found, not in.. .but in。where they might prove useful 是定语从句，修饰 tropics; where they are climatically almost unnecessary 是定语从句，修饰 wealthy countries; with mild temperatures 是介词短语做定语修饰wealthy countries。

　　【语法难点】not...but引导的并列结构。

　　【词汇知识】consequently ad.从而，因此prove v.证明，检验，原来(是)，证明(是)

　　【参考译文】因此，世界上大多数冰箱并不在热带，在那儿它们也许会确实有用，而是在气候温和的富裕国家，那里的气候基本上并不需要冰箱。

　　32. As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of humans and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments harmful to ourselves.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为As...and as...we may use them to。两个as引导的从句并列做状语; first on earth through their ability to 是介词短语做状语;harmful to ourselves 是形容词短语做定语修饰environments。

　　【语法难点】由as引导的并列的状语从句。

　　【词汇知识】frontier n.国境，边疆，边境

　　match v.相对;匹敌，使一致;与……相对应;使协调 expand v.扩大，扩展，扩张，扩充，使发展 withstand vt.抵挡，经受住

　　【参考译文】随着机器人的智能提高到与人的智能匹敌的地步，随着它们的制造费用随规模 效益而下降,我们也许可以用它们来开拓边远地区，其实首先是利用它们对环境的忍耐力，而那些环境对我们自己是有害的。

　　33. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city's buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为 changes. . .have strengthened the city's building and highways0made; the construction codes是过去分词短语做后置定语修饰changes; making tk： more resistant to quakes是现在分词短语做伴随状语，补充说明前面的句子。

　　【语法难点】during the last 20 years现在完成时的标志;分词短语做伴随状语。

　　【词汇知识】strengthen v.加强，巩固resistant a.有抵抗力的，抵抗的(常和to连用)

　　【参考译文】此外，在过去20年中对洛杉矶的建设规定所作的修改加强了该城市的建筑和公路的抗震能力，使其抗震性更强。

　　34. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为 reading newspapers ...demands skill and self-awareness。 Which引导非限定性定语从句修饰前面的reading newspapers efficiently; as引导时间状语从句。

　　【语法难点】which引导的非限定性定语从句。

　　【词汇知识】modify v.更改，修改

　　【参考译文】因为所有这些原因，有效率地阅读报纸，也就是说从中得到你需要的信息而不浪费时间，这就要求你在改进和应用阅读方法时既要有技巧又要有主见。

　　35. But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为the fact that...is...a victory。that...with it从句是fact的同位语，其中有一个比较结构as well...as, it指代government aid。

　　【语法难点】many作代词，表示“许多人”;as...as引导比较状语从句。

　　【词汇知识】in itself在本质上，完全地，本身

　　【参考译文】但是对许多人来说，穷人们能够不依靠政府的帮助而养活自己，并且过得和靠政府的救助时一样好，这本身就是伟大的胜利。

　　36. Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of; five-star general.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为Americans are proud of..., yet..., whether。yet引导并列句,表转折，其中few表示否定，意为“很少的，不多的”;whether引导状语从句。

　　【语法难点】比较结构;让步状语从句。

　　【词汇知识】individuality n.个性，个人的特性，(通常用复数)个人的嗜好elevator n.电梯(=[英]lift)，升降机

　　【参考译文】美国人为他们的多样化和个性而自豪，然而没有什么比制服更让他们喜爱与推崇的了，无论是电梯操作员还是五星上将的制服。

　　37. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为other people may give us support。破折号之间的部分是support的同位语;that引导定语从句修饰support。

　　【语法难点】双宾语结构;名词做同位语;分割定语从句;宾语补足语。

　　【词汇知识】instrumental a.仪器的，器械的，乐器的;有帮助的;有作用的

　　【参考译文】最后，别人会给与我们有用的支持，即经济的帮助、物质资源和所需的服务——所有这些帮助我们解决和处理问题，从而减轻我们的压力。

　　38. The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don't mix as easily as I assumed in high school.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为The reality that...is that。that has blocked是定语从句修饰reality; that engineering是表语从句，其中包括as...as引导的比较状语从句。

　　【语法难点】定语从句;比较状语从句。

　　【词汇知识】block v.妨碍，阻塞木块，石块，街区;(一)批liberal arts大学文科liberal a.自由主义的;博学的;宽容的;慷慨的 assume vt.假定，设想，釆取，呈现[同义词]presume

　　【参考译文】我的学习成绩并不是很优异，这是因为兼顾文科与工科并不像我在上高中时假 想的那样容易。

　　39. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为recycling stimulates...and trims。that引导定语从句修饰industries。两个by引导的介词短语做方式状语。

　　【语法难点】并列谓语;定语从句。

　　【词汇知识】recycle v.使再循环，反复应用 stimulate v.剌激，激励trim v.整理，装饰;降低;减少 to trim one's costs节省开支

　　【参考译文】回收利用也通过创造就业机会剌激地方经济的发展，并减少工业污染和能源成 本，这些企业可以用从回收品中提炼的原材料生产再生产品。

　　40. Though unemployed longer when seeking work, older women job-hunt harder, hold a job longer with less absenteeism，perform as well or better, are more reliable, and are more willing to learn than men or younger women.

　　【结构分析】句子主干为 older women job-hunt..., hold..., perform..., are...and are。though引导让步状语，其中省略了 they are;主句中谓语由五个部分并列组成。

　　【语法难点】though unemployed分词独立结构;并列谓语;比较结构。

　　【词汇知识】job-hunt v.找工作job-hunter n.求职的人，找工作的人 reliable a.可靠的，可信赖的[比较]liable a.(常与to连用)易于……的，有……倾向的;(常与for连用) 负有责任的，负责的二

　　【参考译文】比起男性和年轻女性来说，虽然找工作的时候已失业的时间更长，老年妇女找工作更努力，拥有一份工作后会做得更久而且缺勤率较低，工作表现无异于男性或年轻女性，甚至还要好，值得信赖，更好学。

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