2015考研英语阅读英文原刊《经济学人》：Deutsche Bank Hollow legs

　　2015考研英语复习正是强化复习阶段，考研英语阅读在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。新东方名师范猛老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。

　　Deutsche Bank

　　德意志银行

　　Hollow legs

　　胃口不小

　　Europe's biggest bank pours money into investmentbanking

　　欧洲最大的银行向其投行业务注资

　　WHEN Deutsche Bank tapped shareholders for 3billion last year, it hailed the end of a “hunger march” for capital. In fact, it had only whettedits appetite. On May 18th it announced a plan to raise a further 8 billion. In addition toplacating regulators who are demanding ever-more-solid balance-sheets, Deutsche needsthe extra nourishment to keep up with its investment-banking rivals on Wall Street, acompetition most of its European counterparts have abandoned.

　　去年德意志银行向股东要求注资30亿欧元，这标志着资本“饥饿游行”的结束。事实上，这仅仅是开胃菜。在5月18日，德意志银行宣布计划募资80亿欧元。此次筹资一方面是为了安抚对资产负债表有着更加严苛要求的监管机构欧洲央行，另一方面是为了赶上华尔街的那些投行对手而补充额外的营养，尽管一些欧洲同行已经放弃了同他们的竞争。

　　Deutsche has long lacked the buffers of some of its rivals. The extra cash, part of which willcome from Qatar's royal family, will put paid to questions about its resilience—at least for abit. A finding that it fiddled currency markets, or a further fine for its part in fixing LIBOR, abenchmark interest rate, could cost it 3 billion. A restructuring will eat up a further 2 billion.And changes in how its trading book is valued will rob it of 2 billion when calculatingregulatory ratios. Add that up and its core Tier 1 ratio, a measure of the losses it can safelyendure, may slip from 11.8% after the capital-raising back towards the current 9.5%.Using the leverage ratio, of equity to assets, it is still lagging its rivals, particularlyAmerican ones such as Goldman Sachs and JPMorgan Chase.

　　从上图可知，长期以来德意志银行都缺乏像部分竞争对手所拥有的缓冲资金。部分额外资金是来自于卡塔尔的皇室家族，这能解决资金弹性的问题——至少能解决一部分。另一则发现是德意志银行因涉嫌扰乱货币市场，或者因涉嫌操控LIBOR而被处以30亿欧元的罚款。一项资产重组会再吞掉20亿欧元。在计算监管比率的时候，交易账户评估方式的改变将会使德意志再次损失20亿欧元。将这些因素汇总，德意志银行的一级资本充足率将从筹资之后的11.8%下降到现在的9.5%。从权益资本杠杆比率的角度来看，德意志银行仍然落后于他的竞争对手们，尤其是美国的对手比如高盛和摩根大通。

　　Doubling down on investment banking seems to have been the only strategy available toDeutsche: the division accounts for the lion's share of its profits. Its co-chief executive,Anshu Jain, an habitué of trading floors, was never likely to retreat from the business theway most big European banks have. Two weeks ago, Barclays, which for decades mimickedDeutsche's drive to bulk up in investment banking, announced it would instead start cuttingback. UBS and Credit Suisse, two Swiss rivals, have already shrunk their investment-bankingarms.

　　增加对投资银行业务的投入看起来是德意志银行唯一可行的出路：因为这是他所有业务中盈利能力最强的部门。德意志银行的联合首席执行官Anshu Jain表示，就像一位交易大厅中的常客不会放弃这项事业一样，德意志银行也不会像其他欧洲其他大银行一样削减投行业务。两周以前，巴克莱银行宣布缩减投行业务。而在此之前的几十年里，巴克莱银行一直效仿德意志银行扩展投行业务。两个瑞士的对手瑞士银行和瑞士信贷，也已经缩减其投行部门。

　　The gambit is not a one-way bet. The juiciest bits of investment banking—the trading ofbonds, currencies and commodities together known as “FICC”—have been in the decline inrecent years. If that is merely a cyclical downturn in response to ultra-low interest rates,as some posit, Deutsche's investment should pay off handsomely when the good times rollagain. But others see an irreversible slump prompted by post-crisis regulations.

　　这一招不是一个单向的赌博。投行业务中最大的一块内容—债券交易，货币和商品，统称为“固定收益”—在近年来已经呈现下降趋势。如果正如一些分析所说这只是针对超低利率的周期性衰退，那么当牛市回归，德意志银行的投资会得到丰厚的回报。但是其他人却认为这是金融危机后的监管带来的不可逆转的衰退。

　　There are other risks, too. Though Deutsche may be the last man standing in Europe, plentyof American banks are active in London and Frankfurt. It will soon come under the regulatorypurview of the European Central Bank, which is likely to be more exacting than BaFin, theGerman overseer. If Mr Jain is held responsible for the various market scandals facingDeutsche, his departure could prompt a shift in strategy.

　　当然还有其他的风险。尽管德意志银行有可能成为欧洲唯一一个从事投行业务的银行，大量的美国银行仍旧在伦敦和法兰克福表现活跃。并且德意志银行很快就要面临来自监管机构欧洲央行的压力测试，而欧洲央行很有可能比德国金融监管机构BaFin更加严格。如果德意志银行和其他银行一样，是由联合首席执行官Jain先生来承担德意志银行所面临的各种市场丑闻，那么他的离开可能会引起战略调整。

　　Unlike credit cards at Barclays and wealth-management at UBS, Deutsche does not haveother strongly profitable units that could make up for FICC's retreat. That is one reasonwhy its decision to raise cash took nobody by surprise. It has waited a long time to admitthe inevitable: its share price has fallen by a quarter over the past four months.Shareholders' own hunger march, in other words, goes on.

　　不同于巴克莱银行的信用卡业务和瑞士银行的财富管理业务，德意志银行并没有其他强势的盈利项目能够补充固定收益的下降。这也是为什么大家对德意志银行决定筹资并不觉得意外的原因之一。筹资措施是经过很长时间的考虑之后才被认为是唯一的方法：在过去的四个月里，德意志银行的股价已经下跌了四分之一。换句话说，属于股东们自己的“饥饿游行”还在继续。

　　词语解释

　　1.keep up with 追上,赶上

　　Even well-established companies can scarcelykeep up with demand.

　　即便是知名企业，也很难跟上此种需求。

　　The older generation who cannot keep up withemails still prefer to use fax machines.

　　没能跟上使用电邮的步伐的老年人仍然喜欢使用传真机。

　　2.account for 导致，引起

　　Do women account for more of today's affairs?

　　如今女性在婚外情中所占比例是不是更大?

　　Philosophers had long wondered how to account for essences.

　　长期以来，哲学家们困惑于如何说明这些本质。

　　3.seem to 似乎

　　Historical venture returns seem to bear that out.

　　历史风投回报率似乎证明了这一点。

　　Europe's troubles seem to be costing them business.

　　欧洲危机看来正在影响到当地的业务。

　　4.response to 对…的反应

　　The response to similar actions was markedly different 11 years ago.

　　11年前人们对此类事件的反应和今天大相径庭。

　　What's your response to the criticism?

　　您怎么回应受到的那些批评?

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