2015考研英语阅读英文原刊《经济学人》： 跳出机顶盒定式

　　2015考研英语复习正是强化复习阶段，考研英语阅读在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。新东方名师范猛老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。

　　Comcast's future

　　康卡斯特的未来

　　Thinking outside the set-top box

　　跳出机顶盒定式

　　America's largest cable company is becoming morelike the firms it is battling against for the attentionof couch potatoes

　　美国最大的电信公司越来越像在为赢得电视迷而战

　　WHEN Comcast, America's largest cable operator, took a stake in NBCUniversal in 2009, 30Rock, a popular NBCU comedy, wove the deal into its plot.

　　2009年，美国最大的有线电视公司康卡斯特收购了环球影视，后者旗下的情景喜剧《我为喜剧狂》随后便将这一交易加入剧情。

　　The programme's characters cameunder the thumb of a new corporate parent, Kabletown, which introduced innovations likemoving customer services to a part ofIndia with no phones in order to provide the same levelof service at zero cost.

　　其情节为片中人物所在公司被名为Kabletown的母公司收购，Kabletown发起了一个向还未进入电话通信时代的印度市场的开拓项目，目的是以零成本向印度用户提供相同水平的服务。

　　Comcast employees can take a joke. Last month, at a gathering to celebrate Comcast's 50thanniversary, they showed a clip of the show, to the amusement of the firm's realemployees.

　　康卡斯特的员工们可以此自娱，在上个月公司50周年庆典上，有人播放了这一情节，藉此娱乐公司的真正员工。

　　A sense of humour is a sign of confidence.

　　幽默是自信的表现。

　　Thanks to the 28 billion it spent to acquire NBCU, Comcast is the world's largest media firm,with a market capitalisation of around 128 billion.

　　出资280亿美元收购环球影视，康卡斯特也成了市值近1280亿美元的全球最大媒体公司。

　　NBCU gave Comcast control of a range of new content, including broadcast and cablenetworks, aHollywoodstudio and a theme-park business.

　　环球影视将旗下一系列的节目交给了康卡斯特，包括广播、有线网络、一个好莱坞摄影室及一座主题公园。

　　Comcast is also America's most powerful media business, because it controls what peoplewatch and the pipes that deliver it.

　　同时，康卡斯特也是美国最具影响力的媒体公司，因为它掌控着人们的收视导向及传播渠道。

　　In its efforts to retain that position it is having to adapt to the new ways that people want towatch TV and consume entertainment that smaller rivals are pioneering.

　　人们希望以全新的方式看电视、消遣娱乐，稍小的媒体公司正主导着这一趋势，为了保住优势，康卡斯特也在进行新的尝试。

　　The cable business has changed dramatically since Ralph Roberts purchased a small cablesystem inMississippiin 1963.

　　自1963年拉尔夫?罗伯特在密西西比收购一家小型有线电视系统以来，康卡斯特的有线业务便发生了翻天覆地的变化。

　　Today his son, Brian, runs a firm operating in a vast and mature business; nearly 86% ofAmerican households subscribe to pay-TV.

　　现如今，子承父业的布莱恩掌管着一家规模更大、业务更成熟的公司：康卡斯特占据着美国付费电视业务近86%的市场份额。

　　This has forced Comcast and other cable firms to increase revenues by raising prices ratherthan by chasing new viewers.

　　这也使得康卡斯特及其他有线电视公司通过增加收费，而非拓展新用户的方式来实现增收。

　　But not every viewer will tolerate high prices.

　　但是，并非所有用户都能容忍高价。

　　The proportion of households with pay-TV has fallen slightly since 2010 as some have cutthe cord.

　　2010年以来，付费电视用户比例已出现小幅下滑现象，部分用户已经减掉线缆。

　　Comcast now has 21.6m subscribers, 1.6% fewer than a year ago.

　　现在，康卡斯特的有线电视用户为2160万，比去年低1.6个百分点。

　　As well as cord-cutters Comcast and other cable providers must defend their turf from apack of new entrants.

　　除了减掉有线电视的用户外，康卡斯特及其他有线电视运营商还需要面临新的竞争，

　　These include telecoms firms such as Verizon and AT&T, which offer pay-TV and fastbroadband, and firms that stream video over the internet, such as Netflix and Amazon.

　　其中包括像威瑞森及AT&T这样的电信巨头提供的付费电视、高速宽带业务，还有奈飞、亚马逊公司在网络上提供的流媒体视频。

　　These companies have not killed cable, but they have helped to shape the way people wantto watch programmes: increasingly, on mobile devices and at a time of their choosing.

　　这些公司尚未将有线电视逼上绝路。但却已经改变了人们观看节目的渠道，奈飞公司在年轻人中间很受欢迎。

　　Netflix is popular with the young. Around 20% of households headed by people under 25 donot have a television but watch programmes on other devices, such as laptops and tablets.

　　25岁以下年轻人组建的家庭中大约20%没有电视机，他们通过笔记本、平板电脑等其他设备收看电视节目。

　　If Netflix were a cable channel, its subscription revenues in 2013 would put it third inAmericabehind ESPN and HBO, according to MoffettNathanson, a research firm.

　　根据一家名为MoffettNathanson的调查公司提供的数据显示，如果奈飞是一家有线电视台，其2013年的订购收入可紧跟ESPN、HBO，位居第三。

　　Comcast has responded by trying to resemble the firms that could unseat it, offering moreinteractivity, personalisation and portability.

　　对于那些威胁到自己的竞争对手，康卡斯特的应对策略是向用户提供互动性更强、更具人性化、更加便携化的服务。

　　Television is going to change more in the next five years than it has in the last 50, says BrianRoberts.

　　布莱恩?罗伯茨表示：电视在未来五年的变化会比过去五十年的变化还大。

　　Comcast executives talk about apps for the television and rolling out innovations every threeto six months.

　　此外，他还谈到了电视应用及每三到六个月便会更新的问题。

　　The firm is paying particular attention to its user interface, or what, until recently, wascalled a TV guide.

　　康卡斯特非常注意用户界面的设计，或者最近被称之为电视指南的东西。

　　Comcast's is now arranged not numerically by channel, but alphabetically by programme, bynetwork and type of content.

　　现在，康卡斯特并不是按照数字排列频道，而是按照字母顺序、网络和内容分类。

　　Couch potatoes even less inclined to effort can download an app to their iPhone and shoutcommands at it to locate shows.

　　电视迷可以不假思索便可将应用下载到自己的iPhone，并可通过语音找到相应节目。

　　Comcast's new set-top box is cloud-based, adding to the potential for flexibility: films andprogrammes stored in the cloud can be watched on any device.

　　康卡斯特的新机顶盒云基站为用户提供了更为灵活的选择：

　　It tracks viewing history and recommends programmes accordingly, much like Netflix.

　　存储在云基站的电影或节目可以在任何设备上观看，同奈飞相似的是该设备还会根据观看历史推荐相关节目。

　　Comcast has made it easier for TV-watchers to find their way to full seasons of episodes thatare available on-demand so people can binge on shows.

　　康卡斯特让电视观众更容易找到电视上供点播的整部电视剧，这样用户便可尽情享受节目了。

　　Other pay-TV providers are experimenting with new features, and some have approachedComcast to license its technology.

　　其他的付费电视供应商正试用一些新特性，部分已经接近康卡斯特，获得技术许可。

　　One popular idea is TV Everywhere, which makes it possible for pay-TV subscribers to watchlive and on-demand programmes on their mobile devices wherever they like.

　　在那些新特性中，电视无处不在的理念比较流行，该创意可让订购付费电视的用户随时随地观看直播、或者点播节目。

　　It has started slowly but is taking off as more content-owners agree to license the digitalrights to their programmes.

　　这一设想虽然进展缓慢，但已经起步，越来越多的节目供应商同意向相关运营商颁发数字权限。

　　Tools like this may help Comcast and its rivals justify their high prices and convince peopleto stick with their television package.

　　这样的功能也让用户觉得康卡斯特及其竞争对手的高收费物有所值，也让人们有理由继续使用他们提供的电视程序。

　　Giving customers more products to keep them around for longer is an old tactic.

　　为了长久留住顾客，向他们提供更多产品是一个老套的策略。