2015考研英语阅读英文原刊《经济学人》：中国经济,正分裂

　2015考研英语复习正是强化复习阶段，考研英语阅读在考研英语中占了40分，所以考研英语阅读是英语科目中重要的一项。新东方名师范猛老师曾建议过考研生需要坚持每天泛读10-15分钟的英文原刊。强烈推荐了杂志《经济学人》.杂志中的文章也是考研英语的主要材料来源.希望考研考生认真阅读，快速提高考研英语阅读水平。

　　China's economy

　　中国经济

　　Even splits

　　正分裂

　　China does its bit to calm worries about the worldeconomy

　　中国尽能及之力，平抑对世界经济的担忧

　　Jul 14th 2011 | HONG KONG | from the print edition

　　A RUNNER cannot sprint all the time, noted ShengLaiyun of China’s National Bureau of Statistics, afterthe release of China’s new growth figures on July 13th; he must pace himself so that he canrun better later. Over the past four quarters China’s economy has recorded what runners call“even splits”, keeping a steady pace, lap after lap. It grew by 9.5% in the second quarter (yearon year), having grown at a similar rate in the previous three.

　　中国新的经济增长数值公布之后，国家统计局新闻发言人盛来运表示，赛跑者不能永远在保持冲刺状态，他必须调整自己的步伐以便今后跑得更好。过去的四个季度中国经济经历了被跑步者称为“正分裂”的情形，保持稳定的速率，一圈又一圈的跑下去。(与去年同期相比)中国经济在第二季度以9.5%的速率保持增长，这一增长速度与其前三年的速度相近。

　　The figures helped allay fears of a hard landing for China’s economy. But they raised somedoubts about whether the economy is landing at all. Consumer prices rose by 6.4%. in the yearto June. The economy’s pace may be steady. But is it too fast to sustain?

　　这一增长速度缓解了中国经济硬着落的担忧。但是怀疑论者担忧中国经济是否是正真的良好发展。今年6月份居民消费价格与上月相比上升了6.4%。中国的经济增长速度也许是平稳的，但太快了反而难以为继。

　　China’s macroeconomists, if not its consumers, can take some comfort from the nature of theinflation. Two-thirds of it was due to food prices, and much of that was due to pork. Farmersresponded to low pork prices last year by breeding fewer pigs, some of which have since fallenvictim to porcine diarrhoea. That pushed up prices by 11.4% in June alone, an annualised rateof 265%. This has played havoc with many economists’ inflation forecasts. “Perhaps I shouldhave become a veterinarian,” says Andy Rothman of CLSA.

　　中国的宏观经济学家，如果不是消费者的话，可以从通货膨胀中得到些许安慰。2/3的通货膨胀是由食物价上涨引起的，而期中最大的原因在于猪肉价格的上涨。养猪户以减少饲养数量的方式来应对去年的猪肉价格低迷状况。这致使仅仅今年七月份猪肉价格以265%的年率上升了11.4%。这打乱了许多经济学家对通货膨胀的预期。里昂证券的经济学家安迪•罗斯曼笑称“要是我是一名兽医就好了”

　　The source of China’s growth is more worrying thanits speed. According to Mark Williams of CapitalEconomics, investment comprised 62% of theeconomy’s expansion in the second quarter, itsbiggest contribution for 18 months. Investment infixed assets, such as buildings, factories andequipment, has grown by between 21% and 26%,year on year, for the past four quarters, despite thegovernment’s efforts to tighten credit. Thisresilience may be because so much investment iscarried out by state-owned firms, which are at thetop of the pecking order when banks make loans. It may also be a sign that financing is not astight as the hawks would like.

　　与经济增长速度相比更令人担忧的是中国经济增长的根源问题。Capital Economics的经济学家MarkWilliams称，投资在第二季度的经济增长中占据62%的份额，这是它在过去的18个月的最大贡献。尽管政府做出了紧缩信贷的努力，固定资产的投入,如建筑物、厂房和设备, 与去年同期相比,在过去的四个季度已增长到21%—26%。这种回弹可能是由于国有企业大量投资的缘故，而国有公司是银行发放贷款的首要对象。这可能表明融资并不像鹰派所期望的那样稳固。

　　On the face of it, banks are feeling the pinch, charging each other high rates in the interbanklending market. They made new loans worth 634 billion yuan ($98 billion) in June, typically astrong month for lending. This puts them on course to add less than 7.5 trillion yuan to theirloan books this year, according to Peng Wensheng of China International Capital Corporation.

　　表面上看，银行之间在同业拆借市场上的相互控制让它们感到压力。在六月份它们共发放了6340亿元人民币(合980亿美元)的贷款，一个典型而强大的月贷出。中国国际金融有限公司经济学家彭文生指出，这使得他们在账面上增加将近7.5万亿元的贷款。

　　But other analysts think financial conditions are looser than they appear. The central bankpublishes a broader measure of “social financing”, which includes corporate bonds and someloans repackaged by “trust” companies. By this measure, financing could reach 14.5 trillionyuan this year, according to Fitch, a ratings agency. Even that total may be too low. Fitchbelieves a better measure of financing—which includes letters of credit loans from Hong Kongand more of the credit from trust companies and similar firms —could exceed 18 trillion yuanthis year. That would take China’s stock of financing to 185% of GDP, up from 124% in 2007.

　　但其他经济分析家认为金融条件比它们所呈现的更加宽松。中央银行颁布了一个范围更广的“社会融资”方案,其中包括公司债券和一些重组的 “信托”投资公司贷款。评级机构惠誉指出，通过这一措施，融资可达到14.5万亿元人民币。然而总数可能太少了。惠誉认为更好的融资方案应该包括来自香港的信贷投资以及来自信托投资公司和类似公司——今年的总数将超过18万亿元人民币。这需要中国的股票融资占国内生产总值的比重由2007年的124%上升至185%。

　　Yet China seems to be getting less bang for its financial buck. In 2007, Fitch reckons, it took1.28 yuan of extra financing to produce an additional yuan of GDP. Now it takes 2.38.China’s growth may be remarkably even. But its financial system is having to pump harder tomaintain the pace.

　　但是，中国可能面临较小的金融压力。2007年惠誉推断，只需花费1.28元人民币的额外金融支出就能实现GDP的增长。而现在则需2.38元。中国的经济增长将是显著的，但是金融系统需要再接再厉才能实现。

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