2015考研英语阅读英文原刊《经济学人》：匈牙利的抗议

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　　Protests in Hungary

　　匈牙利的抗议

　　Opposing Orban

　　反对欧尔班

　　More anti-government protests, but little change from the prime minister

　　反政府抗议越来越多，但总理大人做出的改变太少

　　HUNGARIANS are taking to the streets. More than 10,000 gathered outside the parliament inBudapest on November 17th to protest against alleged corruption and the centralisation ofpower. Similar protests took place in other cities, including Miskolc in the east and Szeged andPecs in the south. Several hundred Hungarians even gathered in London's Trafalgar Square.The habit is catching: this week also saw big protests in neighbouring Slovakia and in the CzechRepublic.

　　匈牙利人走上街头。11月17日，超过10000名匈牙利人聚集在布达佩斯的国会外面抗议所谓的腐败和权力集中。匈牙利其他城市也发生过类似的抗议活动，包括东部的米什科尔茨和南部的塞格德和佩奇。数百名匈牙利人甚至聚集在伦敦的特拉法加广场。抗议活动正愈演愈烈：本周邻国斯洛伐克和捷克共和国也爆发了大型抗议活动。

　　Hungary's protesters were encouraged partly by America's rising criticism of their government.Six Hungarian officials have been banned from entering the United States on suspicion ofcorruption, a rare rebuff to a NATO ally. American officials refuse to name them, on privacygrounds. However Ildiko Vida, head of the tax authority, told Magyar Nemzet, a pro-government newspaper, that she was one. She strongly denies any wrongdoing.

　　美国对匈牙利政府批评势力的抬头在一定程度上刺激了匈牙利的抗议活动。六名匈牙利官员因为涉嫌腐败被禁止进入美国境内，这是美国拒绝北约成员国少有的例子之一。美国官方出于隐私保护，拒绝透露他们的姓名。然而，税务机关的负责人Ildiko Vida在Magyar Nemzet—一份亲政府报纸—上声称自己就是六个官员其中之一，但她强烈否认有任何不正当行为。

　　Hungarian officials have asked for more information from the Americans. They reject claims thatthe country is sliding into authoritarianism. The protests are proof that Hungary remains ademocracy, where people are free to express their opinion as long as they abide by the law,says Antal Rogan, parliamentary leader of the ruling right-wing Fidesz party.

　　匈牙利官员已向美国申请得到更多的信息。他们拒绝承认美国关于匈牙利正在走向专制的声明。抗议活动就是匈牙利仍然民主的有力证明，只要国民遵守法律，他们可以自由的表达观点，执政党右翼青民盟的国会主席Antal Rogan如是说。

　　This week's protests followed a bigger one on October 28th, when as many as 100,000 peoplefilled central Budapest to demand the cancellation of an internet tax that they saw as an attackon free speech. The crowds were mostly young, educated and middle class, the sort of peoplethat Fidesz needs to attract. And they forced a rare U-turn by the government, when ViktorOrban, Hungary's prime minister, said the internet tax would be dropped in its current form.Instead he would launch a “national consultation” to consider ways in which to tax onlineprofits.

　　本周抗议是继10月28日爆发的更大规模的抗议之后的又一次活动，28日的抗议活动多达10万人参加，他们聚集在布达佩斯中心要求取消互联网税，他们认为这是对自由言论的限制。参与抗议的大多数是年轻并受过教育的中产阶级，而这正是青民盟需要争取的群体。政府被迫进行政策“掉头”，匈牙利总理维克多·欧尔班表示互联网税将会在现有基础上被废除。相反，他可能进行“国家咨询”商讨如何对互联网利润征税。

　　The latest protesters have a harder task because their demands, including the resignation ofthe government, are unrealistic. This year Fidesz has won national, local and Europeanelections. As the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe noted, the victories weredue in part to the government's tinkering with election rules in its favour. Yet the fracturedliberal and left-wing opposition means that the alternative lacks appeal.

　　最近的一次抗议活动有着更为艰巨的任务，因为他们要求政府辞职的诉求并不现实。今年，青民盟赢得了国家、地方和欧洲的选举。欧洲安全与合作组织指出，青民盟胜出的一部分原因在于政府对选举规则按照有利于他们的方向修修补补。然而支离破碎的左翼反对派自由党似乎又缺乏吸引力。

　　Demographic change is also working against the opposition. The Hungarian embassy in Londonsays that around 100,000 Hungarian citizens live in Britain, but the true figure could be higher.Many expatriate Magyars are young, multilingual, educated and entrepreneurial. A goodnumber have left Hungary because they see no future under Fidesz rule.

　　人口结构的变化也在支持政府改组。位于伦敦的匈牙利大使馆表示大约10万匈牙利公民居住在伦敦，准确的数据可能更高。许多外籍马扎尔人是充满活力的年轻人，掌握多门语言，受过良好教育并且具有创业精神的。很大一批外籍马扎尔人已经离开匈牙利，因为他们在青民盟的领导下看不到未来。

　　Mr Orban has long made clear his disdain for liberal norms, never more so than in his speechin Baile Tusnad, Romania, on July 26th when he said that Hungary would remain a democracy,but become an “illiberal state”. The European Union has proved unwilling or unable to rein himin. Instead, as the entry-ban row shows, the pressure is mostly coming from America.President Barack Obama recently bracketed Hungary with Egypt and Azerbaijan as countries inwhich civil society felt intimidated. Concerns are growing inside Fidesz about the wisdom oftaking on the world's superpower.

　　欧尔班早就明确表示他蔑视自由的准则。7月26号，他在罗马尼亚的伯伊莱图什纳德发表演讲时就已经表达的不能再清楚了，他认为匈牙利仍然会保持民主，但会成为一个“不自由国家”。欧盟已经不愿意也不能够让欧尔班改变想法。相反，入境限制表示最大的压力还是来自美国。最近，美国总统奥巴马把匈牙利、埃及和阿塞拜疆列入公民社会受到威胁的国家。青民盟内部对于如何机智地应对超级大国的关注日益上升。

　　Younger members of Fidesz are critical of the government's policies, says Akos Balogh, ofMandiner.hu, an influential conservative blog. Hungary is losing friends and allies, he adds. Itwill struggle on the European and world stage if it acts with the arrogance that Fidesz showsat home.

　　在一个十分具有影响力的保守党博客Mandiner.hu上，Akos Balogh说道，青民盟的年轻成员都批评政府的政策。他还说，匈牙利正在失去朋友和盟友。如果它继续表现出青民盟在国内的嚣张气焰，匈牙利将会在欧洲和世界舞台上艰难生存。译者：胡雅琳 校对：朱大素

　文章来源：经济学人

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