2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：马斯观察

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2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：马斯观察

　　Spain and Catalonia

　　西班牙与加泰罗尼亚

　　Mas observation

　　马斯观察

　　Catalonia calls an election, but it will be only one ofmany in Spain this year

　　加泰罗尼亚要举行大选，这只是西班牙众多选举之一。

　　Mas waves the independence flag

　　马斯挥舞着独立的旗帜

　　CATALAN independence, if it ever happens, has been pushed back at least seven months afterthe region's president, Artur Mas, decided not to call a snap election but to opt instead forSeptember 27th. The election is still being promoted as a plebiscite on independence, but notin the way Mr Mas once hoped. His original plan for a single list uniting all the separatist partieshas been dropped at the insistence of his rivals from the Catalan Republican Left (ERC). Inlast-minute horse-trading, he accepted that ERC would stand separately from his ownConvergence and Union (CiU) coalition, in exchange for its support for this year's budget,which his minority government could not pass alone.

　　加泰罗尼亚的独立运动即便要发生也要推迟到七个月之后，也就是说，该地区主席阿图尔·马斯决定不举行临时选举，而是9月27日举行大选之后进行。这场大选虽然被视作一场独立公民投票，但还是与马斯最初所设想的有所出入。他原本想要团结所有分裂主义党派的计划被他的对手加泰罗尼亚左翼共和党(ERC)的坚持而夭折。在最后的讨价还价中，他接受了ERC将与他自己的聚合暨同盟(CiU)分庭抗礼的建议，用以换取它对今年财政预算的援助，否则他自己的少数党政府可熬不过这一关。

　　That has turned the September poll into one as much about winning power as aboutindependence, with ERC well-placed to oust CiU as the most popular party. The timing isboth good and bad for the separatists. It comes just two weeks after Catalonia's national day,on September 11th, which campaigners have turned into a mass event in recent years. Butthey would still have preferred a February vote, before Catalans are distracted by a flurry ofpolls right across Spain.

　　随着ERC成功的将CiU取而代之成为最受欢迎党派，9月的投票也变成了决定独立成功与否的众多投票之一。这个时机对分裂主义来讲喜忧参半。这场投票紧跟在9月11日加泰罗尼亚国庆日两周后举行，那时竞选者们还未从国庆日这一近年来的大事件中抽身。但是他们还是希望投票在2月举行，那时加泰罗尼亚人还没被西班牙一系列投票搅得心烦意乱。

　　Elections in most other regions and municipalities will be held in May. They will test the stayingpower of the new upstart left-wing party, Podemos (“We Can”), which leads in several opinionpolls, and its local party allies in various one-off groupings. One interesting battle will be in theCatalan capital, Barcelona, where Podemos backs a group called Guanyem (“We Win”). TheBarcelona election, with several parties likely to win seats, will be an example of the fracturednew politics of Catalonia and Spain: sometimes three parties may be needed for a majority.

　　其它大多数是地区和自治市的选举将在5月举行。他们将试探一下新崛起的左翼政党Podemos(“我能”)的忍耐力。这个政党在数次民意测验领先，并且它的地方组织来源多样。而最有意思的一场对决将在加泰罗尼亚的首府巴塞罗那展开，在那里Podemos将支持Guanyem(“我赢”)的组织。在巴塞罗那选举中，有几个政党有希望能赢得席位，这将是加泰罗尼亚和西班牙的政治隔绝的又一事例：有时候，三党并立恰恰是多数人所愿。

　　Catalonia's independence movement faces further internal spats. Mr Mas and the ERCleader, Oriol Junqueras, want to agree on a common road-map to independence. Mr Junqueraswill push for it to be hard-hitting. But some of Mr Mas's allies within CiU want it weakened. Ifnot, the coalition's junior partner, the Democratic Union of Catalonia, may split from Mr Mas'sown Catalan Democratic Convergence. And the slim majority for independence found in somepolls may go with it.

　　加泰罗尼亚的独立运动面临着进一步的内部争端。马斯河ERC领导人奥尼奥尔·杨克拉斯想要在独立的大致路线图上达成一致。杨克拉斯想要采取强硬手段来推行。但是马斯在CiU的一些同盟想采取温和手段。如果不能达成一致的话，那么联盟的新伙伴加泰罗尼亚民主联盟或许会同马斯的加泰罗尼亚民主聚合党分裂。并且经过一些投票显示独立运动以微弱优势倒向民主联盟。

　　Spain's prime minister, Mariano Rajoy, is hoping that economic recovery, with growthoutstripping most of the rest of Europe, will create enough jobs and goodwill to stop theindependence bandwagon. His Popular Party (PP) is also readying itself for a bruisingconfrontation with Podemos in cities and regions like Madrid and Valencia in May. A bigPodemos march in Madrid on January 31st will be a demonstration of the new party's muscle.

　　西班牙总理马里亚诺·拉霍伊希望经济增长超过欧洲大部分国家，由于经济复苏可以带来更多工作机会，这将有望遏制独立趋势的蔓延。他的人民党(PP)也已做好准备与 Podemos于5月在诸如马德里和巴伦西亚这样的城市和地区进行激烈对抗。 Podemos将于1月31日在马德里举行一场大游行，这也将是这个新党派实力的展示。

　　The party has its sights firmly set on the general election due in late November, which itsleader, Pablo Iglesias, portrays as a battle between Podemos and the PP. Spain's mainstreamSocialists, he hopes, will go the way of Greece's ailing Pasok. Mr Iglesias is duly campaigning forthe Syriza party in Greece's election. But Podemos also seeks to dilute Catalan separatism byoffering an alternative outlet for those frustrated with Mr Rajoy. And unlike Mr Rajoy, whorefuses ever to contemplate an independence referendum, Podemos says the issue shouldbe put to a vote.

　　这个政党将目光牢牢锁定在去年11月的大选上。党派领导人巴勃罗·伊格莱西亚斯将之描述成Podemos 和 PP之间的斗争。他希望西班牙的主流社会党将步上希腊的泛希腊社会主义运动党状况不佳的后尘。伊格莱西亚斯准备正式参加Syriza党在希腊的竞选。但是Podemos为了缓解加泰罗尼亚的分裂主义，也想要通过为拒绝考虑设立独立公投的拉霍伊所面临的困境施以援手，Podemos称这个问题应该通过投票解决。

　　1.push back 推回;向后推

　　It can't be true, she thought vehemently, trying topush back the fear.

　　这不可能是真的, 她热切地想, 试着把恐惧挡回去。

　　If one twin pushes, will the other push back?

　　假如一个双胞胎推挤, 另一个会不会推回去?

　　2.decide to 决定

　　A dentist may decide to extract the tooth to prevent recurrent trouble.

　　牙医可能会决定拔掉那颗牙，以免反复发作。

　　Little boys, being what they are, might decide to play on it.

　　出于天性，小男孩们可能会决定利用这一点。

　　3.turn into 变成;变为

　　It could well turn into some kind of a media circus.

　　这很可能会演变成媒体的一场闹剧。

　　The fighting is threatening to turn into full-scale war.

　　这场战斗有可能会演变为全面的战争。

　　4.want to 想去;想要

　　The difference between who you are and who you want to be is what you do.

　　你是什么样的人和你想成为什么样的之间的差距就是，你做了什么。

　　People want to dissect his work and question his motives.

　　人们想仔细分析他的作品，并对他的动机提出质疑。

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