2016考研英语阅读每日精选：Scientific terms in the Interstellar

　　在考研英语中，阅读分数可谓是占到了总分的半壁江山，正所谓“得阅读者得考研”。对于备考2016考研的同学们，在平时的复习中一定要拓展阅读思路，各类话题都要关注，这样才能在整体上提升考研英语阅读水平!新东方在线分享《2016考研英语阅读精选》，一起来学习吧!

　　Scientific terms in the Interstellar

　　看懂《星际穿越》 必须了解的物理知识

　　导读：看懂《星际穿越》需要知道哪些物理知识?理科学渣们，准备逆袭吧!

　　Every work of Christopher Nolan will puzzled the audience too much, for instance, his previous film Inception. I don`t know my conclusion is correct or not although I`ve seen the film for 4 times. The Interstellar is no exception. The famous physicist Kip Thorne is one creator of the team, and the production of this flim has a solid scientific theory foundation which is definitely obscure and abstract.

　　诺兰大神Christopher Nolan的作品每一次会让观众烧脑，上一部《盗梦空间》Inception看了四遍，最后也不知道自己得出的结论是否正确。这次的《星际穿越》也不例外。这部电影的主创团队中有真实的著名物理学家基普·索恩Kip Thorne，有着坚实的理论基础，而这些理论知识确实有些深奥抽象。

　　In order to make everybody understand the meaning of Interstellar, this passage will explain some scientific terms and theoretical knowledge mentioned in the flim.

　　那么这里为了方便大家观影，就为大家阐释一下影片中提及的一些科学术语及理论吧。

　　1、Murphy`s law

　　墨菲定律

　　The leading man`s daughter in the flim called Murphy, and she is always complaining about the relationship between her name and the unlucky Murphy`s law.

　　片中男主角的女儿名为墨菲，而她总在抱怨自己的名字与不吉利的墨菲定律的联系。

　　Murphy`s law is usually thought to be named after Captain Edward Murphy, a development engineer with the United States Air Force in the middle of the last century.Murphy`s law is an adage or epigram that is typically stated as: Anything that can go wrong will go wrong.

　　墨菲定律由上世纪中叶一名美国空军工程师爱德华·墨菲提出。墨菲定律是一个格言或警句,通常表示为：有可能出错的地方定会出错。

　　The plots of the film have embodied the correctness of murphy`s law for many times. It can lead tasks to a right direction except messing things up. The hero saved all the human beings with the action of Murphy`s law. We can see from this perspective that the Murphy`s law is a kind of interpretation of probability, and it doesn`t mean bless, good luck or disasters itself.

　　《星际穿越》的情节中多次体现了墨菲定律的正确性，但除了把事情搞砸，它也把任务引向好的方面，最后主角也在墨菲定律的作用下挽救了全人类。从这个角度来理解，墨菲定律是一种对概率的诠释，本身并不指代吉凶祸福。

　　2、Relativity、Relative Theory

　　相对论

　　The theory of relativity, or simply relativity in physics, usually encompasses two theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity.

　　相对论是关于时空和引力的理论，主要由爱因斯坦创立，依其研究对象的不同可分为狭义相对论和广义相对论。

　　3.Lazarus

　　拉撒路

　　Lazarus is the subject of a prominent miracle attributed to Jesus in the Gospel of John, in which Jesus restores him to life four days after his death. The name Lazarus is often used toconnote apparent restoration to life.

　　在《圣经·约翰福音》记载的故事中，拉撒路是一个奇迹的主角，耶稣在他死后第四天把他唤醒。拉撒路这个名字通常用于意指恢复生命。

　　4、Wormhole

　　虫洞

　　A wormhole, officially known as an Einstein–Rosen bridge, is a hypothetical topological feature of spacetime that would fundamentally be a shortcut through spacetime.

　　虫洞这一名词诞生于上世纪50年代，是对“爱因斯坦-罗森桥”的一种通俗称呼，它指的是物理学中假想的一种天体，能从更高的维度连接两个遥远的空间点，因此可以使人类突破光速的临界，进行超远距离的宇宙航行。

　　5、Black Hole

　　黑洞

　　A black hole is a region of spacetime from which gravity prevents anything, including light, from escaping. In many ways a black hole acts like an ideal black body, as it reflects no light. The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass will deform spacetime to form a black hole.

　　宇宙空间内存在的一种超高密度天体，由于类似热力学上它是完全不反射光线的黑体，故名为黑洞。黑洞最主要的影响就是其巨大的引力作用使包括光线在内的一切物质被吸引到起中心，而这巨大的引力也在这中心附近造成了时空的扭曲，也就是所谓的相对论。

　　6、Hyperspace

　　超空间

　　Hyperspace refers to reaching the other end of the universe fast through the multi-dimensional space(we live in 4-dimensional space). Hyperspace refers to the dimensional space which is more than four dimensions. String theory (M theory ) predicts that there should be 11 hyperspatial dimensions.

　　超空间指的是通过多维度空间(我们生活在4维空间)，快速的到达宇宙的另一端。超空间是指超过四个维度的空间。弦理论(M理论)预言，应该有11个超空间维度。

　　7、The Slingshot Effect

　　引力弹弓

　　The slingshot effect is used to accelerate a spacecraft in a planetary flyby。NASA calls this a gravity assist, and exploits it to save fuel in missions to outer planets such as Jupiter and Saturn.

　　弹弓效应用于加速飞船在星际间飞行。美国航空航天局称这是一个重力辅助，并利用它来节省执行去木星和土星等外行星的任务时消耗的燃料。

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