2016考研英语阅读：非小说类文学作家摘得诺贝尔文

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　　Nonfiction author nabs Nobel

　　非小说类文学作家摘得诺贝尔文学奖

　　导读：在105年的历史中，诺贝尔文学奖很少垂青非小说类文学，这一次却将奖颁给了纪实文学作家斯维特拉娜•阿列克谢耶维奇。阿列克谢耶维奇擅长从目击者、受害者和幸存者的视角还原重大历史事件，而她作品的现实批判性也让她成了一位争议人物，不得不背井离乡。

　　The Nobel Prize for Literature has gone to non-fiction writers only a few times in its 105-year history, but this year for the first time, the eminent prize was given for journalistic work, to Belarusian journalist and writer Svetlana Alexievich.

　　在诺贝尔文学奖105年的历史上，桂冠很少被授予非小说类文学作家，不过今年它第一次将荣誉颁给了新闻作品，获奖者为白俄罗斯记者和作家斯维特拉娜•阿列克谢耶维奇。

　　The Swedish Academy announced on Oct 8 that 67-year-old Alexievich won the prize “for her polyphonic writings, a monument to suffering and courage in our time”. Alexievich has published six books in Russian since 1985, telling stories about the political upheavals during and after the Soviet Union era, and about the tragedies they unleashed on individuals.

　　当地时间10月8日，瑞典皇家科学院宣布67岁的斯维特拉娜•阿列克谢耶维奇获得今年的诺奖文学奖，颁奖词赞誉到“她的复调式书写是对我们时代的磨难与勇气的纪念。” 从1985年起，阿列克谢耶维奇在俄罗斯出版了6部书籍，讲述苏联解体后的政治动荡和时代背景下的个人悲剧。

　　Alexievich started her journalistic career as a newspaper reporter in Belarus. Her works, often told through the voices of eyewitnesses, victims and survivors, covered such dramatic historical events as World War II, the Soviet-Afghan War, the fall of the former Soviet Union, and the Chernobyl nuclear disaster.

　　阿列克谢耶维奇的新闻事业始于在白俄罗斯的一家报社担任记者。她的文章通常都是从目击者、受害者和幸存者处取材，内容涵盖重大的历史事件，如二战、苏联入侵阿富汗、苏联解体和切尔诺贝利核泄漏灾难等。

　　For decades, Alexievich has won international accolade for portraying war and suffering through the eyes of women and children. Her first book, War’s Unwomanly Face, published in 1985, contained monologues from women who fought against Nazi Germany in World War II.

　　数十年来，阿列克谢耶维奇以通过妇女和儿童的视角描述战争和苦难享誉国际。她的处女作《战争中没有女性》发表于1985年，该书包含了抗击纳粹德国的妇女们的独白。

　　The 1986 Chernobyl nuclear disaster in Ukraine had particularly painful, personal significance for Alexievich. Her sister was killed, and her mother blinded in the tragic incident. In 1997, Alexievich published a highly praised oral history on the disaster, Voices from Chernobyl.

　　1986年乌克兰发生了切尔诺贝利核泄漏灾难，它沉重地打击了阿列克谢耶维奇，并影响了她的个人生活。她的妹妹在灾难中丧生，她的母亲也因此失明。1997年，阿列克谢耶维奇出版了广受赞誉的《切尔诺贝利的回忆:核灾难口述史》。

　　Despite the Nobel win, Alexievich remains a controversial figure. According to an article in salon.com, she left her home in Belarus in 2000 due to persecution, and lived in various European cities over the following decade.

　　尽管获得了诺贝尔奖，阿列克谢耶维奇依旧是个争议人物。据新闻娱乐网salon.com消息，由于受到迫害，阿列克谢耶维奇不得不在2000年离开白俄罗斯的家，之后的十余年中她辗转于数个欧洲城市。

　　War’s Unwomanly Face was banned in the former Soviet Union during the Gorbachev years.

　　戈尔巴乔夫主政时期，《战争中没有女性》被前苏联列为禁书。

　　Over the years, Alexievich has been a critic of Russia and Russian leader Vladimir Putin.

　　多年来，对于俄罗斯和俄罗斯总统普京，阿列克谢耶维奇一直是一个批判者的角色。

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