2010年上海外国语大学翻译硕士真题及答案

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　　2010年上海外国语大学翻译硕士真题及答案

　　I. Phrase Translation

　　MDGS Millennium Development Goals：千禧年发展计划

　　Ban Ki-moon：联合国秘书长潘基文

　　国务卿：Secretary of State

　　雷曼兄弟：Lehman Brothers

　　次贷危机：subprime lending crisis

　　西部大开发战略：strategy of western development

　　II. Passage translation

　　Section A English to Chinese

　　China’s bubbles

　　A lot of things in China carry a whiff of excess. The cost of garlic is among them: wholesale prices have almost quadrupled since March. A halving of the planting area last year, and belief in the bulb’s powers to ward off swine flu, provide some justification for the surge. But anecdotes of unbridled trading activity in Jinxiang county, home to China’s largest garlic plant, suggest that the most likely cause is the most obvious – the abundant liquidity swilling through the system. New loans in China may top Rmb10,000bn this year, double the run-rate of the preceding years; 2010 should bring another Rmb7-8,000bn.

　　In the week that Dominique Strauss-Kahn, head of the International Monetary Fund, said asset bubbles were a cost worth paying for reviving growth through loose monetary policy, China needs to distinguish between good ones and bad ones. A bubble in garlic is small, financed by private speculators, and relatively harmless when it bursts. Bubbles in productive assets – roads, bridges, telecom lines – are also tolerable; capital has been put in place that can be exploited by somebody.

　　But bubbles in property – financed by banks, on non-productive assets – are doubly destructive. Zhang Xin, chief executive of Soho China, one of the country’s most successful privately owned developers, believes that rampant wasteful investment in commercial property has already undermined China’s long-term prospects. As for housing, which China began privatising just 11 years ago, prices rose at an annualised rate of 9 per cent between September and October – significantly higher than the ongoing 2.25 per cent one-year deposit rate and the 5.31 per cent one-year lending rate. What’s more, this was the eighth successive month of above-trend growth in the national house price index. So far, attempts to arrest price rises have been minor – restrictions on second home mortgages here, loan discounts in exchange for bigger down payments there. Two years ago another eight-month hot streak was enough for authorities to start cooling in earnest. They should start again now.

　　参考译文：

　　泡沫中国

　　在中国，很多东西都有着上扬的趋势。大蒜的价格就是其中之一，三月份以来，大蒜批发价翻了近两番。原因有几个，去年植种田减半，市场需求旺盛(人们认为大蒜可预防禽流感)。然而从中国最大大蒜产地–Jinxiang县红火的生意可以看出，原因很明显：交易市场出现了富余的投资。今年，中国新增贷款或将超十万亿人民币，是过去几年贷款率的两倍;2010年贷款也将达7到8万亿。

　　本周，国际货币基金组织秘书长 Dominique Strauss-Kahn指出，要想通过宽松的货币政策恢复经济增长，资产泡沫是必付的代价，中国要有眼力分辨这样的泡沫是好是坏。 私人投机分子吹出的大蒜价格泡沫很小，泡沫破裂相对影响也较小。生产性资产(道路，桥，电信网)的泡沫也在可以接受的范围内，并且有专项资本来应对可能出现的问题。

　　然而由银行打造的在房产上的泡沫-这是一种非生产性资产–破坏性就十分强大了。中国最成功的私人开发商之一Soho中国的总裁张欣认为，中国商品房的过剩投资让长期市场预期看淡。中国的楼市仅仅11年前开始私有化，然而今年九到十月，房价增长达到了年率9个百分点，远高于如今2.25的银行年存款利息与5.31的银行年贷款利息。值得注意的是，房价涨幅已连续第八个月高于国家房价指数的增长趋势线。如今，政府抑制房价增长的举措寥寥–一个是针对二次购房贷款设限，一个是增加首付比例可以降低贷款利率。两年前，连续八个月市场过热，当局全力为市场降火。现在是时候再浇盆冷水了。