2017考研英语阅读精选：开车上班与中年发福有关

　　考研英语阅读真题中的文章，多摘自英美主流外刊，有时候你认识所有单词、搞清全部语法还不够，还需要了解英美文化，掌握他们的表达方式，这就是阅读的潜台词。有时候是一些俗语和俚语，有时候是固定搭配，有时候需要借助历史、风俗、文化才能理解某种现象或表达。总之，这些地道的英语文章背后都有潜台词，一般人不容易读出，但往往是理解文章的关键。

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　　Driving to work linked to a fatter middle age

　　开车上班与中年发福有关

　　Choosing an active way to get to work could make a big difference in how much weight creeps on in middle age, a large U.K. study suggests.

　　一家大型的英国调查机构暗示，选择一种积极的方式上班，也许对中年时期悄悄产生的发福有很大的影响。

　　Studying tens of thousands of commuters over age 40, researchers found that people who drove to work weighed more and had a higher percentage of body fat than those who got to work by walking, biking or public transportation.

　　在研究了成千上万40多岁的乘客之后，研究人员发现，开车上班的人体重更重，体脂比也比那些步行，骑自行车或者使用公共交通系统上班的人高。

　　Those who commuted by bicycle were the leanest of all, but even taking the train was linked to lower body weight and body fat, the authors report in The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology.

　　作者在《柳叶刀》杂志糖尿病和内分泌学上报道，那些骑自行车上班的人是所有人里最苗条的，但是即便乘火车，也和体重更轻，体脂更低有关。

　　"We know that exercise protects against obesity and chronic diseases. However, we all struggle to fit enough of it into our busy lives," said lead author Ellen Flint of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

　　伦敦卫生和热带医学学院首席作者Ellen Flint说：“我们知道，锻炼可以预防肥胖和慢性疾病。然而，我们都竭力在匆忙的生活中，为它争得一席之地。”

　　"This study shows that people who manage to build physical activity into their daily commute have significantly lower body weight and healthier body composition than those who commute by car," Flint told Reuters Health by email.

　　Flint通过电子邮件告诉路透健康：“这项研究表明，比起开车的人，那些试图在日常交通中融入体力活动的人，拥有较显著的轻体重和更健康的身体构成。

　　In the U.S., about one third of adults are obese and no more than about 18 percent commute to work by walking or biking, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

　　据疾控中心数据，在美国，大约有三分之一的成年人都肥胖，低于18%的人步行或者骑自行车上班。

　　To examine links between commuting mode and body weight, the study team used data from the UK Biobank on 157,000 middle-aged British adults, collected between 2006 and 2010.

　　为了检测通勤模式和体重之间的关联，研究组使用了2006年到2010年间，英国生物样本库157000个中年英国成人的数据。

　　Body fat was assessed in two ways: body mass index (BMI), which is a ratio of weight to height, and body fat percentage.

　　通过两种方法检测体脂：身高体重指数(BMI)，这是一个体重和身高的比例，以及身体脂肪比。

　　Car travel was the most common method of commuting, with 64 percent of men and 61 percent of women reporting they drove for all or part of their commutes. Four percent of men and 7 percent of women exclusively walked to work, while 4 percent of men and 2 percent of women cycled or mixed cycling with walking. Overall, 23 percent of men and 24 percent of women used an active commuting method either exclusively or as part of a mix of transport methods.

　　开车是最常见的通勤方法，64%的男性和61%的女性报告，他们全部或者部分依靠车上下班。仅有4%的男性和7%的女性步行上班，同时，4%的男性和2%的女性骑车上班或者两者搭配。总体上说，23%的男性和24%的女性使用一种惯用的通勤手段，或者混合交通手段通勤。

　　Men and women who commuted to work by any means other than driving had lower body fat percentage and BMI compared to adults who commuted by car, researchers found.

　　研究人员发现，任何不开车上班的男性或者女性，体脂比和身高体重比都比开车上班的人低。

　　Even after accounting for a wide range of characteristics and lifestyle information about the participants, active commuting methods were linked to lower body weight and body fat.

　　即便在考虑到参与者一系列个性和生活方式信息以后，积极的通勤方式和低体重、低脂有关。

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