2017考研英语阅读精选：中国73%的水域被严重污染

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　　73 percent of China’s watersheds ‘severely polluted’: NGO report

　　中国73%的水域被严重污染

　　导读:有数据显示，中国30个主要城市78%的河流蓄水区已经被“严重污染”了，8亿6千万人口的日常生活受到影响。

　　The China Urban Water Blueprint released on Monday by The Nature Conservancy, a leading nongovernmental organization for global conservation work, indicated that samples taken from 73 percent of watersheds in 30 cities - including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, Guangdong Province - were either moderately or severely polluted by sediment deposits or nutrients.

　　自然保护协会在本周一发表了中国城市水资源蓝图(注：自然保护协会1949年成立于英国，是一家从事全球自然保护工作的著名非政府组织)。该文件表示，通过对从包括北京、上海、广州等30个主要城市73%的水域采集的水样本进行分析，结果显示这些地区水资源情况均为中度或重度污染，水质富营养化并且带有大量沉淀物。

　　The report said that "non-point source" pollution - pollution picked up by rain runoff or snowmelt which then drains into water bodies - caused by improper land use and soil degradation is the primary source of water pollution in most Chinese cities.

　　报告还指出在中国大多数地区，由土地使用不当和土壤退化所引起的“非点源”污染是城市水污染的最主要原因(注：“非点源”水污染是指降雨和融雪将所携带的污染物带到了其所流经的水域)

　　"The water security issue is more and more severe in China, and the public health risk related to water supply is due in greater part to water pollution caused by human activities," Zhu Jiang, deputy director-general of the International Economic and Technical Cooperation and Exchange Center under the Ministry of Water Resources (MWR), was quoted as saying by Beijing-based news site yicai.com on Tuesday.

　　周二的时候，北京《第一财经》援引水利部下属国际经济技术合作与交流中心副主任朱江(音)的话，说：“中国的水资源安全形势越来越严峻，不当的人类活动使得水污染越来越严重，从而威胁到了洁净水资源的供应，并且加剧了公众的健康威胁。”

　　"Damage to ground vegetation causes soil and water loss, which allows mud, sand and even nutrients to flow into the water, leading to pollution," Ma Jun, director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, told the Global Times on Tuesday, adding that the reclamation of land from lakes, excessive land reclamation from other ecosystems and overuse of chemical fertilizers and pesticides will also impact water quality.

　　周二的时候，公共和环境事务研究所所长马军(音)向《环球时报》透露，说：“对地面植被的破坏引起了水土流失，从而导致泥浆、沙子、甚至营养物质流入水体、造成污染。”他还补充说，围湖造田、过量开垦荒地、破坏生态环境、过量使用化肥和农药也会影响水质。

　　According to the report, over 69 percent of water supplies for all of China are now provided by catchment areas occupying only 6 percent of the country’s total land area.

　　据这份报告显示，在全中国，超过69%的居民用水供应来源于占地面积仅为6%的水域。

　　"With the aggravation of water quality and the decline of the water table, many regions in China are having to give up many sources of water, so the area of water catchments has been contracting in past years," Ma said.

　　马军说：“随着水质的恶化和地下水水位的下降，中国许多地区不得不放弃大量水源，所以近几年来，可使用水流域面积一直在收缩。”

　　The Nature Conservancy argued in its report that non-point source pollution should be addressed by protecting water catchment areas and by improving methods of managing and using land within water catchment areas.

　　自然保护协会在报告中指出，非点源污染应该引起重视，在以后的水资源使用和保护过程中，应该尽力保护饮用水蓄水流域，同时改进管理和利用蓄水区土地的办法。

　　Meanwhile, a monthly MWR report published on April 11 stated that over 80 percent of underground water from 2,103 monitored wells throughout China is unfit for human consumption.

　　与此同时，水利部在4月11日发布的月度报告中指出，据分布在全中国的2103个水井监测点的数据显示，有超过80%的地下水不适合人类饮用。

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