2017考研英语拓展阅读：美国多家大企业禁上厕所

　　考研英语阅读能力提升需要不断地积累练习，通过多阅读来积累词汇，提升阅读速度，强化把握主旨能力。2017考研复习之初，时间相对充裕，新东方在线建议大家每天多做一些阅读，可娱乐也可增长见闻，还能提升能力。下面一篇文章是关于美国多家大企业禁上厕所。

2017考研英语拓展阅读：美国多家大企业禁上厕所

　　Workers in plants run by the largest U.S. poultry producers are regularly being denied bathroom breaks and as a result some are reduced to wearing diapers while working on the processing line, Oxfam America said in a report Wednesday.

　　“美国乐施会”(Oxfam America)5月11日发表报告指出，美国最大的几家家禽企业不约而同禁止工人在上班时间上厕所，以至于工人们在生产线工作时，不得不穿着纸尿裤。

　　“It’s not just their dignity that suffers: they are in danger of serious health problems,” said Oxfam America, the U.S. arm of the U.K.-based global development group. The group works for a “just world without poverty” and focuses on topics ranging from refugees in Greece to malnutrition.

　　这家英国国际发展组织的美国分部称，“这不仅是关乎尊严的问题：他们还面临严重的健康威胁。”该组织的工作宗旨是“反贫困、追求公正”，从希腊难民到营养不良都是他们聚集的话题。

　　The report cited unnamed workers from Tyson Foods Inc., Pilgrim’s Pride Corp., Perdue Farms Inc. and Sanderson Farms Inc. who said that supervisors mock them, ignore requests and threaten punishment or firing. When they can go, they wait in long lines even though they are given limited time, sometimes 10 minutes, according to the report. Some workers have urinated or defecated themselves while working because they can’t hold on any longer, the report said. Some workers “restrict intake of liquids and fluids to dangerous degrees,” Oxfam said.

　　该报告匿名引述美国泰森食品、皮尔格里姆公司、普渡农场、和桑德森农场公司的不愿透露姓名的员工的话，称负责监督的主管经常嘲笑他们，无视他们的正常需求，并且经常扬言说要处罚、甚至开除他们。他们好不容易求到一个上厕所的机会，但通常也只有10分钟，而且还得排长队。报告说，很多工人在漫长的等待中往往忍不住就直接大小便在裤子里了。有些工人为了尽量避免在上班时间跑厕所，干脆不喝水或其他任何液体。

　　Conditions for workers in the meat industry have been known as being notoriously poor since the days of Upton Sinclair, the American author who wrote of abuses in his 1906 novel, “The Jungle.” In a 2015 report, Oxfam said the cost of cheap chicken in the U.S. is workers who face low wages, suffer elevated rates of injury and illness and face a climate of fear in the workplace. The industry was also highlighted in the 2008 documentary Food Inc.

　　自从美国作家厄普顿辛克莱1906年著作了这部暴露肉类企业黑暗面的作品《丛林》后，肉类行业劳工的工作环境就开始臭名昭彰。据了解，早在2015年的一份报告中，“美国乐施会”即提出过警告：美国的便宜鸡肉是建立在对工人的极度剥削上。他们忍受着极低的工资、以及不断增加的伤病风险和对工作场所那种氛围的极度恐惧。

　　The conditions present difficulties, especially for menstruating or pregnant women, according to the latest report. Workers could also face medical problems, including urinary tract infections, and managers have told some workers to eat and drink less to avoid going to the bathroom, according to the report.

　　据最新的报告称，这种情况尤其为经期和孕期女工带来了很大困难。工人们还可能面临尿路感染等医疗问题。而管理者则要求工人减少饮食量，避免总是上厕所。

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