2017考研英语拓展阅读：奥巴马计划建世界最大海洋保护区

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2017考研英语拓展阅读：奥巴马计划建世界最大海洋保护区

　　President Barack Obama will expand a national monument off the coast of Hawaii, creating a safe zone for tuna, sea turtles and thousands of other species in what will be the world’s largest marine protected area.

　　美国总统巴拉克?奥巴马将扩建夏威夷海岸的一个国家纪念碑，创建一个为金枪鱼、海龟和成千上万的其他物种生存的安全地带，这个安全地带将是世界上最大的海洋保护区。

　　Obama’s proclamation will quadruple in size a monument originally created by President George W. Bush in 2006. The Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument will contain some 582,578 square miles, more than twice the size of Texas.

　　奥巴马的声明将2006年由美国总统乔治?布什最初提出的保护区扩大了三倍。帕帕哈瑙莫夸基亚国家海洋国家纪念碑(保护区)将包含大约582，578平方英里的区域，面积比德克萨斯州两倍还要大。

　　Obama will travel to the monument next week to mark the designation and cite the need to protect public lands and waters from climate change. The president was born in Hawaii and spent much of his childhood there.

　　奥巴马下周将前往夏威夷来宣布这个决定并且会提出保护公共陆地和水域免于受到气候变化的影响的必要。奥巴马总统在夏威夷出生,他童年的大部分时间都在那里度过。

　　The monument designation bans commercial fishing and any new mining, as is the case within the existing monument. Recreational fishing will be allowed through a permit, as will be scientific research and the removal of fish and other resources for Native Hawaiian cultural practices.

　　纪念碑上会有说明，禁止该区域进行商业捕鱼和任何新的采矿行为，这同现有的纪念碑上的要求一致。通过获取许可以进行休闲渔业活动，科学研究和其他将夏威夷本地鱼类和其他本地资源迁移走的文化行为也需要在获得许可证的情况下开展。

　　The regional council that manages U.S. waters in the Pacific Islands voiced disappointment with Obama’s decision, saying it "serves a political legacy" rather than a conservation benefit.

　　管理美国在太平洋岛屿海域的地区委员会对奥巴马的决定表示失望，称其是为了留下“政治遗产”而不是保护利益。

　　The council recommends catch limits and other steps designed to sustain fisheries. It said it recommended other expansion options that would have minimized impacts to the Hawaii longline fishery, which supplies a large portion of the fresh tuna and other fish consumed in Hawaii.

　　委员会建议维持渔业捕捞限额和其他维持渔业生产的步骤。该委员会说他们推荐其他扩展方案，这个方案本可以将对夏威夷延绳钓渔业的影响减到最小，延绳钓渔业为夏威夷消费市场提供了很大一部分新鲜金枪鱼及其他鱼类。

　　"Closing 60 percent of Hawaii’s waters to commercial fishing, when science is telling us that it will not lead to more productive local fisheries, makes no sense," said Edwin Ebiusi Jr., chairman of the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council "Today is a sad day in the history of Hawaii’s fisheries and a negative blow to our local food security."

　　“科学告诉我们，关闭夏威夷60%的商业捕鱼水域不会让当地渔业生产产量更高，这毫无意义,” 西太平洋渔业管理委员会主席Edwin Ebiusi Jr.说， “今天在夏威夷的渔业生产历史上是悲伤的一天，而且对我们当地的食品安全也有很大的消极影响。”

　　The Pew Charitable Trusts helped lead the push to expand the monument. It says research shows that very large, fully protected marine reserves are necessary to rebuild fish populations and diversity of species.

　　皮尤慈善信托基金会牵头帮助推动扩大纪念碑(保护区)。这家基金会说研究表明很大的、充分被保护的海洋保护区对于重建鱼类种群和物种多样性是必要的。

　　"By expanding the monument, President Obama has increased protections for one of the most biologically and culturally significant places on the planet" said Joshua S. Reichert, an executive vice president at Pew.

　　“通过扩大纪念碑(保护区),奥巴马总统增强了对地球上其中一个最具有生物和文化意义的地方的保护，” 皮尤慈善信托基金会的执行副总裁Joshua S. Reichert说道。

　　The White House is describing the expansion as helping to protect more than 7,000 species and improving the resiliency of an ecosystem dealing with ocean acidification and warming. It also is emphasizing that the expanded area is considered a sacred place for Native Hawaiians.

　　白宫称扩张保护区是帮助保护超过7000物种，并且能够在处理酸化和变暖方面改善海洋的可恢复性。它也强调扩大的区域对于夏威夷原住民来说是一个神圣的地方。

　　Shipwrecks and downed aircraft from the Battle of Midway in World War II dot the expansion area. The battle marked a major shift in the war. Obama will travel to the Midway Atoll to discuss the expansion.

　　在第二次世界大战中，中途岛海战中的沉船和被击落的飞机布满了该扩张区域。中途岛海战是二战的一个主要转折点。奥巴马将去中途岛环礁来讨论保护区扩大的问题。

　　With the announcement, Obama will have created or expanded 26 national monuments. The administration said Obama has protected more acreage through national monument designations than any other president.

　　随着对于这个保护区的宣布,奥巴马将会创建或扩大26个国家纪念碑。政府说奥巴马总统通过国家纪念碑宣示的方式比任何其他总统保护的区域都大。

　　The White House said the expansion is a response to a proposal from Democratic Sen. Brian Schatz and prominent Native Hawaiian leaders. The federal government will also give Hawaii’s Department of Natural Resources and Office of Hawaiian Affairs a greater role in managing the monument, an arrangement requested by Schatz and Gov. David Ige.

　　白宫表示，保护区的扩大是响应民主党参议员布莱恩?沙茨和著名的夏威夷土著领袖们的提议。联邦政府也会应沙茨和Gov. David Ige的要求让夏威夷自然资源和夏威夷事务办公室在管理纪念碑(保护区)方面发挥更大的作用。

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