2018考研英语阅读：大学排名对招生的影响与日俱增

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　　Universities challenged on top 1% advert

　　全球名校激烈角逐前十强，大学排名对招生的影响与日俱增

　　Universities in the UK are being challenged over claims to potential students that they are in the "top 1%" of the world’s universities.

　　英国的某些大学开始受到一些准备申请入读的潜在学生的质疑，关于这些大学的排名是否真的在世界前1%。

　　Reading University is going to have to take down such a claim after a complaint to the advertising watchdog.

　　雷丁大学在向广告监督部门投诉之后，也不得不取消了赔偿的请求。

　　University rankings are increasingly influential for recruitment, particularly for overseas students.

　　大学排名对招生的影响越来越大，尤其是对于海外的学生。

　　In the new World University Rankings, the top three are US universities - MIT, Stanford and Harvard.

　　在世界顶级大学的最新排名中，排在前三的都是美国的大学--麻省理工大学，斯坦福大学以及哈佛大学。

　　Cambridge is the highest ranked UK university, with three other UK universities in the top 10 of this global league table, published on Thursday.

　　在周四公布的排名中，剑桥大学是英国大学里面排名最靠前的，全球大学排名前十名中还囊括了另外三所英国的大学。

　　But the advertising watchdog has been examining a complaint about how university rankings are being used in marketing.

　　但是广告监督机构一直在调查关于大学排名被用于市场营销的投诉。

　　A description of Reading University as being in the top 1% worldwide had been challenged by a complainant, who said such a figure could not be substantiated and could be misleading.

　　一个投诉者对于雷丁大学排名在世界前1%提出了质疑，他认为这样的数据无法被证实且可能具有误导性。

　　The Advertising Standards Authority says that this has been "informally resolved", with the university agreeing that it will remove the claim, without going ahead with a formal investigation or ruling.

　　广告标准管理局表示该投诉已被“非正式途径解决”，该大学已放弃索赔，不再进行正式调查或裁定。

　　Top 10 QS World University Rankings

　　全球大学排名前十强

　　Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

　　麻省理工大学

　　Stanford

　　斯坦福大学

　　Harvard

　　哈佛大学

　　California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

　　加州理工大学(加州理工学院)

　　Cambridge

　　剑桥大学

　　Oxford

　　牛津大学

　　University College London

　　伦敦大学

　　Imperial College London

　　帝国理工学院

　　Chicago

　　芝加哥大学

　　ETH Zurich

　　苏黎世联邦理工大学

　　There are many different university rankings, including for individual subjects as well as for institutions, and the results are often used as evidence of international status.

　　各种不同的大学排名花样百出，包括单独的科目或者单独的机构排名，而这些结果通常被用来作为其国际地位的证据。

　　And the challenge over how such rankings are used in marketing will have implications for many other universities.

　　对于这些排名如何被用于市场营销的质疑，也将影响许多其他的大学。

　　Charles Heymann, the University of Reading’s head of corporate communications, welcomed the clarification over how universities can present global rankings.

　　负责雷丁大学企业沟通部的主任查尔斯海曼，非常期待关于全球大学排名的澄清。

　　"It now needs to investigate every single other UK university which claims it is in the top 1% in the world, rather than waiting for individual complaints to be made," he said of the ASA.

　　他谈到美国标准协会时表示：“现在需要调查每一所声称自己是排名全球前1%的英国大学，而不仅仅是等着个人的投诉出现。”

　　Mr Heymann said that Reading was in the top 200 of the Times Higher Education and QS rankings.

　　海曼先生说雷丁大学在泰晤士报高等教育和QS排名中都在全球200强之列。

　　"Like dozens of other UK universities in recent years, we judged this put us in the top 1% out of an estimated 20,000 institutions internationally," he said.

　　他说：“和近年来其他几十所英国的大学一样，我们判断自己在全球约两千所国际机构中能跻身前1%的名次。”

　　"We accept, though, the ASA’s view that this could not be proved given no league table assesses every single university worldwide."

　　“然而我们也认同，美国标准协会所指出的，排名并没有囊括全球所有大学机构。”

　　The latest annual findings of one of the most high profile rankings have been published, listing almost 1,000 universities.

　　最新公布的最引人注目的年度排名之一已出炉，列出了将近一千所大学。

　　The QS World University Rankings shows the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) once again rated as the world’s best, with the top three unchanged from last year.

　　QS世界大学排名显示，美国麻省理工大学再次荣登世界第一，前三强较之去年没有变化。

　　The rankings take into account:

　　排名考虑的因素有：

　　research publications and citations

　　出版物和引文研究

　　the views of academics and employers

　　教师队伍和雇员团队的情况

　　levels of international engagement

　　国际事务参与水平

　　Cambridge, Oxford, UCL and Imperial are all in the top 10, but there has been an overall downward trend for UK universities.

　　剑桥、牛津、伦敦大学以及帝国理工大学都排在前十名，然而对于所有英国大学的总体排名情况来说有下滑的趋势。

　　There are 76 UK universities in the international rankings, but the compilers say 51 of them are in a lower place than last year.

　　在全球排名中有76所英国大学上榜，但据汇编者表示其中51所较上年相比排名有所下滑。

　　But London has more universities in the top 50 than any other city in the world.

　　但是伦敦在排名50强里拥有的大学数量让全球其他城市望尘莫及。

　　Nick Hillman, director of the Higher Education Policy Institute, blamed a lack of funding for the overall slip in rankings for UK universities.

　　高等教育政策研究所所长尼克希尔曼将英国的大学排名下滑的原因归咎于缺乏资金。

　　"The competitiveness of UK universities has been affected by austerity. In particular, tuition fees have been frozen for five years and research funding has not grown as fast as in some other countries," said Mr Hillman.

　　希尔曼先生说：“由于资金紧缩，英国的大学竞争力受到了影响。尤其是，学费已经5年没变，研究经费也没有像其他国家一样快速增长。”

　　Ben Sowter, head of research for the QS rankings, said it also showed that the "rest of the world is becoming increasingly competitive".

　　QS排名的研究主管本索特说，这也显示出其他国家竞争力正在逐渐增强。

　　But he said that UK universities were showing the "continued strain on university resources, which appears to be having a deleterious impact on not just research, but also the capacity to deliver world-class teaching".

　　但他说，英国的大学排名情况显示出“大学资源持续的紧缩，不但会对研究产生不利的影响，同时对于提供世界级教学水平也不甚堪忧。”

　　来源:BBC

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