2018考研英语双语阅读：中国富豪吝啬吗?

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　　Is philanthropy catching on among China’s super rich?

　　中国富豪吝啬吗，他们的慈善捐款有多少?

　　When US billionaires Bill Gates and Warren Buffett held a banquet in China a few years ago to urge fellow tycoons to donate their fortunes to charity, some of their intended targets didn’t bother to turn up.

　　当美国亿万富豪比尔.盖茨和沃伦.巴菲特几年前在中国举行宴会时，敦促其他大亨将自己的财富捐献给慈善机构，然而他们的有些目标人物根本没有应邀。

　　The no-shows sparked a fierce debate on social media: are China’s super rich really so stingy?

　　中国超级富豪真的那么吝啬吗，就引发了大家在社交媒体上的激烈辩论。

　　By some measures, they are. Total charitable giving in China stands at just 4% of levels in the US or Europe, according to the United Nations Development Programme.

　　从某个角度来看，是挺吝啬的。根据联合国开发计划署的数据，中国的慈善捐款总额仅为美国或欧洲的4%。

　　Chinese charities have been hit by scandal, and there is widespread mistrust of the private wealth on which much of the giving depends.

　　中国的慈善机构受到丑闻的打击，对于私人财富的不信任普遍存在，而大部分的捐赠依赖于这些财富。

　　But according to a new report from Harvard University and the Swiss bank UBS, the picture is far more complex.

　　但是根据哈佛大学和瑞士银行的一份新报告，情况要复杂得多。

　　"Philanthropy in China today is in a state of expansion, experimentation and evolution," it said.

　　“中国今天的慈善事业处于扩张，试验和演变的状态，”报告说。

　　Donations from the top 100 philanthropists in mainland China have more than tripled between 2010 and 2016 to $4.6bn (3.6bn pounds), according to the study.

　　据研究报告，中国大陆前100名慈善家的捐款在2010年至2016年达到46亿美元(36亿英镑)以上。

　　Of the 200 wealthiest people in China, 46 have foundations.

　　在中国的200位最富有的人中，有46人有自己的基金会。

　　And two-thirds of the people surveyed by the study’s authors had established or were planning to establish foundations.

　　该研究的作者所调查的人当中，有三分之二已经建立或正在计划建立基金会。

　　Wang Bing, who has been called China’s "most influential" philanthropist, says Chinese tycoons aren’t stingy, they’re just cautious.

　　被称为中国“最有影响力”的慈善家王冰说，中国的大亨不吝啬，他们只是谨慎。

　　"Everybody in my circle wants to give," he tells BBC News. "There is a lot of money available that hasn’t been donated."

　　“我的圈子里的每个人都想给，”他告诉BBC。 “有很多钱没有被捐赠。”

　　"These people are smart. That’s why they’re rich. So, they’re not going to give their money to just anyone. They want to donate to charities that are effective at what they do."

　　“这些人很聪明，所以他们富有，所以他们不会把钱交给任何人，他们想捐赠给做事有效的慈善机构。”

　　Asked how many such organisations exist in China, he says "very few".

　　当被问及中国有多少这样的组织时，他说“很少”。

　　China’s top 3 philanthropists (according to the 2016 Hurun Report):

　　中国前3名慈善家是(根据“2016年胡润报告”)：

　　1，Pony Ma, founder of Tencent, gave $2.15bn to the Tencent Charity Foundation

　　腾讯创始人马化腾，向腾讯慈善基金会捐款21.5亿美元。

　　Chen Yidan, co-founder Tencent, gave $615m to Wuhan College

　　腾讯联合创始人陈一丹向武汉学院捐赠了6.15亿美元。

　　He Qiaonu of Beijing Orient Landscape, gave $450m to various charities

　　北京东方园林的何巧女为各类慈善机构捐赠了4.5亿元。

　　Experts say the challenges to philanthropic giving are numerous, including public scepticism, a lack of transparency and shortage of experienced talent.

　　专家说，慈善捐赠的挑战很多，包括公众怀疑，缺乏透明度和缺乏有经验的人才。

　　What is clear, according to the Harvard report, is that there is genuine innovation happening in China’s vibrant tech world.

　　根据哈佛大学的报告，有一方面很清楚，这就是中国生机勃勃的科技领域正在开展真正的创新。

　　Technology giants Tencent, Alibaba and Sina all have desktop and mobile platforms designed to encourage mass giving by the general public, as well as larger-scale donations by the wealthy.

　　技术巨头腾讯，阿里巴巴和新浪都设计了电脑和移动平台界面，鼓励公众筹款，以及针对富裕阶层的大规模捐款。

　　According to one estimate, more than 23 million people in China gave charitable gifts online in 2015.

　　据估计，2015年中国有超过2300万人在网上赠送慈善礼物。

　　Last September, a total of 300m Chinese yuan in online donations were raised within three days.

　　去年九月，3亿元人民币在三天内通过网络捐款达成。

　　Tencent and its partners matched that amount, giving more than $77m to thousands of charities.

　　腾讯及其合作伙伴的数额相当，为数千个慈善机构捐赠了超77千万美元。

　　来源:BBC

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