2018考研英语阅读：高科技纱线有望成为能源发电机

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　　High-tech Yarn Shows Promise as Energy Generator

　　高科技纱线有望成为能源发电机

　　A new, high-tech yarn that generates electricity when stretched or twisted could use ocean waves and human motion to lower man’s dependency on fossil fuels, researchers said Thursday.

　　周四，科学家表示，一种新型高科技纱线可以通过利用海浪或人体运动引起的拉伸和扭曲运动产生电能，这可以降低人类对矿物燃料的依赖。

　　An international team of scientists said in a study they had developed a stretchy yarn made of carbon nanotubes — tiny strands of carbon atoms up to 10,000 times smaller than a hair — that produces electricity from a host of natural sources.

　　一组国际科学家团队表示，他们在研究中已研发出一种由碳纳米管(即一种直径是发丝万分之一的微型碳原子串)组成弹性纱线，可利用大量自然资源产生电能。

　　The easiest way to think of twistron harvesters is you have a piece of yarn, you stretch it, and out comes electricity, said Carter Haines, a lead author of the study published in the journal Science. The device, which exploits the ability of nanotubes to transfer springlike motion into electrical energy, has numerous possible applications, according to the paper.

　　上述研究发表于期刊《科学》，首席作者为卡特.哈尼斯，他表示：“想象twisteron发电机最简单的方法，就是设想你拥有一段纱片，只要一拉伸就可以发电。”据论文所述，该设备利用了纳米管可把弹性动作转换成电能的能力，这一理念具有许多的可能性应用。”

　　In the lab, tests showed that yarn weighing less than a housefly could light up a small LED.

　　在实验室中，多个测验显示，重量小于家蝇的一段纱线可点亮一台小型LED。

　　When sewn into a T-shirt, it could power breathing sensors — like those used to monitor babies — using the stretch caused by the chest expanding at every inhalation.

　　若将其缝入衬衫中，则利用每次吸气时胸腔扩张造成的纱线拉伸，就可以给那些类似用于监控婴儿的呼吸传感器发电。

　　The innovation could be used to power internet-connected devices and smart clothing, said the study’s senior author, Ray Baughman, a professor at the University of Texas-Dallas.

　　教授雷.保何曼来自德州达拉斯大学，是本研究的资深作者，他表示这种新技术可以用于给联网设备和智能服装供电。

　　Electronic textiles are of major commercial interest, but how are you going to power them? Baughman said in a statement.

　　保和曼在声明中指出：“电子纺织品具有重大的商业价值，但是如何为它们供电呢?”

　　Harvesting electrical energy from human motion is one strategy for eliminating the need for batteries, he said.

　　他说：“消除电池需求的策略之一，就是利用人体运动采集电能。”

　　Seawater operation

　　海水操作

　　But the twistron’s most compelling feature was the ability to operate in seawater and potentially harvest vast amounts of energy from the ocean, he added.

　　但是，他补充道，twistron最引人注目的特点在于，它能够在海水中运行，并有可能从海洋中获取大量能源。

　　The grander dream is to make a real difference in the energy economy of nations, Baughman told the Thomson Reuters Foundation by phone.

　　保和曼在电话采访中对托马斯路透基金会表示：“我们更大的目标是此研究能够对国家的能源经济带来实际的经济效益。

　　A trial in South Korea showed that a small twistron attached between a buoy and a sinker on the seabed produced electricity every time a passing wave pulled it.

　　由南韩开展的一项研究显示，将一种小型纱线“twistron”绑在浮筒与海底铅锤之间，每次海浪涌过时造成的拉伸可令其产生电能。

　　Baughman said that the technique could be scaled up in the future to create sea-power stations that can light entire cities, though harvesters are currently too expansive.

　　保和曼表示，尽管目前采集器仍太过昂贵，但在未来，该技术可以按比例扩建成海洋能源发电厂，给整个城市供电。

　　Under the Paris accord reached in 2015, rich and poor countries committed to reducing emissions of greenhouse gases generated by burning fossil fuels that are blamed by scientists for warming the planet.

　　2015巴黎共识要求无论国家贫富，都必须减少矿物燃料燃烧的温室气体排放，科学家认为矿物燃料仍然是地球变暖的罪魁祸首。