2018考研英语双语阅读：为什么要在网络头像展露笑颜

　　2018考研复习进行时，考研英语阅读真题中的文章，多摘自英美主流外刊，有时候你认识所有单词、搞清全部语法还不够，还需要了解英美文化，掌握他们的表达方式，这就是阅读的潜台词。下面新东方在线考研整理《2018考研英语双语阅读精选》，速来学习吧！

　　Why You Should Smile in Your Online Photo

　　为什么要在你网络头像里展露笑颜

　　There is a marked difference in how first impressions are made through photographs versus in person. Because of the lasting power of first impressions, it is necessary to strategize both.

　　与看到真人相比，(人们)通过观看照片(对他人)产生第一印象的方式有明显不同。因为第一印象具有较为持久的效应，因此很有必要对二者(即照片与本人)多加筹划。

　　Regarding virtual communication, people can spend time thinking through answers before hitting the keyboard, making undesirable characteristics easier to hide. Yet photographs communicate personality traits as well.

　　在网络虚拟交流方面，由于人们在打字回复前有时间斟酌回应之言，于是就更容易把不良的个性遮掩起来。然而，照片也可以显露人的个性特征。

　　Although no substitute for in-person chemistry, good photographs are important communication enhancers during the initial information-gathering phase of a relationship. The first impression that is made in person can corroborate or contradict personality traits that are expressed through an online profile, so choose your photos carefully.

　　尽管面对面交流无可取代，但当处在一段人际关系中信息搜集的最初阶段时，优质照片对交流可以起到重要的促进作用。通过真人形成的第一印象，能够与照片表达出的个性特征相互印证或彼此冲突，因此请慎重地选择你的网络照片。

　　Online PhotoShopping: Visual Personality Display

　　线上照片相人：展示视觉化的个性特征。

　　Just like online shopping for consumer products, browsing dating sites involves forming impressions based not just on what you read, but on what you see. In fact when looking at photographs of faces, what you see can be the fastest way you form a first impression—without even realizing it. Sure, profile descriptions are helpful, but at first glance, research reveals that expressions matter.

　　与在网上购买消费产品很相似，浏览约会网站所涉及的印象形成，不仅在于读到的文字，更在于看到的图片。事实上，看到大头照时所见的内容，可以令你以最迅速地方式形成第一印象—快到甚至无法意识到。简历上的描述固然是有用的，但研究显示，在初见之时，表情相当重要。

　　Research by Bar et al. entitled “Very First Impressions” (2006) studied impression formation in a context without the benefit of emotional cues. They examined how quickly threat judgments are formed by simply looking at a face. They presented participants with photographs of 90 Caucasian males with neutral expressions and measured the extent to which participants judged the faces as threatening. The study includes photographs of the four faces which were judged as most threatening.

　　Bar等人的研究《第一印象》(2006)调查了在无情感线索的情况下，印象形成的过程。研究人员检测了人们通过仅仅观察人的面孔，而形成威胁判断所花费的时间。他们为参与者呈现了90张白人男性的中性表情照，并测量参与者在多大程度上将这些面孔判断为具有威胁性。该研究包含了4张被评价为最具威胁性的面孔。

　　One of the interesting aspects of this study is the finding that because the neutral expressions were devoid of emotional cues, resulting judgments related to personality rather than a temporary emotional state such as anger.

　　该研究有趣的一面在于其研究结果，即由于中性表情不具有情感线索，所以，被试由此所得的判断与个性有关，与愤怒等暂时的情绪状态无关。

　　Another discovery was that first impressions can be formed within the first 39ms, based on whatever information is available. The researchers noted that when it came to judging intelligence, impressions were less consistent—suggesting that traits related to survival are made more quickly.

　　(该研究的)另一发现为，第一印象会参考所能得到的所有线索，在最初的39毫秒内就已经形成。研究人员注意到，在判断智力水平方面，印象的一致性较差，这也就意味着与生存相关的个性特征判断起来更加迅速。

　　So when choosing pictures for an online profile, consider the impact of selecting photographs depicting a neutral expression, versus pictures showing positive emotion—such as smiling or laughing with family or friends. Apparently, your photo selection can quickly define your online desirability—or lack thereof. Even if you are incredibly handsome, a straight-faced photo might look more like a mug shot than a glamour shot.

　　因此，当你为线上档案选择照片时，比起那些展示积极情绪的图片(如与朋友或家人谈笑风生)，请考虑选择中性表情照片会带来的影响。很明显，个人照片的选择能够迅速定义个人的网络吸引力(或缺乏吸引力)。就算你帅得惊天动地，但一张扑克脸照片看起来仍更像是嫌犯入狱照，而非魅力鲜肉照。

　　Meeting On the Ground, Not in the Cloud: The Advantage of Emotional Cues

　　当面交谈，而不要躲在云端(就是在网上)：情绪暗示的优势。

　　Obviously, you should exercise good judgment in deciding when and where to meet an online interest offline for the first time. Public place, well lit, cell phone charged, you have heard about all of the reasonable precautions to take. Having done so, you are now in a far better position to get an accurate read on your date in person rather than online.

　　很显然，在安排何时何地与网友首次线下会面这一问题上，你应该练习着做出正确的判断。公共场所、光线充足、手机充好电，你已经听说过这些利应采取的合理预防措施了。只要按上述要求来安排，那么你就会处在非常有利的位置，能够准确的以亲身交流而非网络来审视你的约会对象。

　　In person, even when your date displays a neutral face, such as when they are listening to you talk, you have the advantage of behavioral and personality cues to guide your impression. Unlike the research by Bar et al. which involved looking at photographs, when you meet in person, you have the benefit of emotional information to inform your assessment of your partner?s suitability.

　　面对面交流时，即便你的约会对象摆出一副中性的表情(比如在聆听你的谈话时)，你仍拥有行为和个性特征等其他线索来引导形成你对他/她的印象。与Bar等人所开展的仅涉及观察照片的研究不同，当亲自见面时，你还拥有情感信息这样额外的有用线索，来影响你判断这个伴侣是否合适。

　　And because research reveals that emotional responsiveness is itself an attractive quality at first meeting, an endearing photo online combined with a warm demeanor offline appears to be a winning combination. Take advantage of the power of emotional expression both in the cloud and on the ground to increase the chances of a great first date leading to a great relationship.

　　同时，由于研究显示，在首次约会时，情感回应本身就是具有吸引力的品质，因此网络上讨人喜欢的照片，再加上线下会面时暖心的举止，两相结合似乎将无往不利。请在云端和地面两处均妥善运用情感表达的力量，从而拥有更高的几率，令美好的首次约会变成一段幸福的恋情!

　　来源:爱语吧