2018考研英语双语阅读：无处不在的微生物

　　2018考研复习进行时，考研英语阅读真题中的文章，多摘自英美主流外刊，有时候你认识所有单词、搞清全部语法还不够，还需要了解英美文化，掌握他们的表达方式，这就是阅读的潜台词。下面新东方在线考研整理《2018考研英语双语阅读精选》，速来学习吧！

　　We Emit Clouds of Microbes Wherever We Go

　　你去哪， 它就掉到哪，无处不在的微生物

　　You might blame your pets for shedding all over the house. But we humans do it too-and our stuff is alive. "We’re constantly emitting microbes around us. And this is coming from shedding of our skin, from exhaling, our hair, we’re just full of these guys." Adam Altrichter, a microbial ecologist at the University of Oregon. "We’ve never been sterile organisms.We are definitely masses of microbes both in and on us."

　　你可能会怪狗狗把毛抖得屋里到处都是。但是我们人类也是这样的-并且我们所释放的这些东西是活的。“我们经常在自己的周围掉落微生物。这些微生物可能来源于我们皮屑的脱落、呼气以及毛发的脱落。我们人类满是这些微生物。”亚当.阿尔赫李克特说道。亚当是美国俄勒冈大学的一位微生物生态学家。“我们从不是无菌的生物。我们体内以及体表都充满了大量的微生物。”

　　If you’re picturing the Peanuts character Pig Pen, you may not be far off. Because biologists estimate we shed a million particles an hour-including, of course, a lot of bacteria. Altrichter and his colleagues wanted to measure that cloud of particles-the "Pig Pen" effect, if you will-so they asked 11 volunteers not to shower, dressed them in shorts and tank tops, and put them in a sterile chamber for hours at a time, while collecting microbial samples on surfaces and in the air.

　　如果你在画《花生》漫画里乒乓的角色，这个形象就与人类的真实形象不太远。因为生物学家估计人类每小时抖落1百万颗微粒-其中当然包括大量的细菌。阿尔赫李克特和他的同事想要测量这些颗粒团-也就是“乒乓效应”，如果你也想要参与的话-所以，他们要求11名志愿者不要洗澡、穿上短裤和吊带背心。并将他们置于无菌室数小时。同时收集志愿者体表以及空气中的微生物样本。

　　What they found in those samples was a menagerie of bacteria from the volunteers’ skin, guts, genital tracts, lungs, noses and mouths. And for eight of the 11 study subjects, the microbial cloud was unique enough to identify the individual who’d left it-suggesting that this bacterial ’fingerprint’ could someday be used in forensics. The study is in the journal PeerJ.

　　研究人员发现这些样本就是细菌的动物园。志愿者的皮肤、内脏、食道、肺部、鼻子、嘴巴里面都有细菌。在这11个实验对象中，有8个实验对象，这些细菌团很独特足以识别是谁抖落了这些细菌-研究表明，这些细菌“指纹”在某一天可以应用于取证。该研究结果发表在《PeerJ》期刊上。

　　Given that we spend 90 percent of our lives indoors, our microbial clouds also colonize the places we live and work-and, yes, the people around us. "And so it’s just kind of interesting to think about how the people that we interact with at work, or in classrooms, or in other environments, how we could be sharing some of these microbial passengers between us, not even knowing anything about it." And now that you do know about it-hopefully your view of your coworkers won’t become…clouded.

　　鉴于我们生命中90%的时间会是在室内度过，因此我们的微生物云团也会在我们居住和工作的地方开疆辟土-对的，也包括我们周围的人身上。“所以，想到我们在工作、学习、以及其他环境中相处的人，我们如何将一些微生物过客共享，但是对此情况我们却一无所知。想到这些情况，我们就觉得很有趣。”现在，你知道这种情况了-千万不要讨厌自己的同事哦~(因为他的微生物会到我的身上!!)

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