考研英语历年真题（2009年英语二真题及答案）

　　历年真题是重要的复习资料，冲刺阶段，考生更应该好好利用真题，做好巩固提升。新东方在线特别为大家梳理了考研英语历年真题，下面是2009年考研英语二真题及答案：

　　Directions：For each numbered blank in the following passage，there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.

　　In1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria's delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and political map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26 major importers—including china and India, home to a third of the world's population 27 rising economic and social costs.

　　Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .

　　In many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.

　　Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33 , a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.

　　In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to 39 ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.

　　21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived

　　22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged

　　23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability

　　24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed

　　25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening

　　26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though

　　27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront

　　28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event

　　29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off

　　30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of

　　31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating

　　32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom

　　33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues

　　34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as

　　35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As

　　36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied

　　37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly

　　38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding

　　39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform

　　40. A. for B. from C. across D. over

　　Part III Reading Comprehension (40%)

　　Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.

　　PASSAGE1.

　　Henric Ibsen ,author of the play"A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. From January Ist ,2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly receive a letter　　informing them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.

　　Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female , according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America's 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway's stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck , head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,"be says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.

　　Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience.

　　Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen , who was voted Norway's chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."

　　41. The author mentions Ibsen's play in the first paragraph in order to .

　　A. depict women's dilemma at work

　　B. explain the newly passed law

　　C. support Norwegian government

　　D. introduce the topic under discussion

　　42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .

　　A. pay a heavy fine

　　B. close down its business

　　C. change to a private business

　　D. sign a document promising to act

　　43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree? 　　A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.

　　B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.

　　C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.

　　D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.

　　44.The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .

　　A. the small number of qualified females in management

　　B. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companies

　　C. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positions

　　D. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles

　　45. The main idea of the passage might be .

　　A. female power and liberation in Norway

　　B. the significance of Henric Ibsen's play

　　C. women's status in Norwegian firms

　　D. the constitution of board members in Norway

　　PASSAGE2.

　　While there's never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.

　　In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she's discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.

　　Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.

　　Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn't funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her ( Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru ), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer road trips," she calls them).

　　She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. " Thereare just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."

　　Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you're not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. " people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.

　　While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.

　　46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?

　　A. Children.

　　B. People in their 20s and 30s.

　　C. Young adults.

　　D. Elderly people.

　　47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.

　　A. Kris Carr is a female writer

　　B. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.

　　C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.

　　D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.

　　48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________

　　A. a cancer research organization

　　B. a group of people who suffer from cancer

　　C. people who have recovered from cancer

　　D. people who cope with cancer

　　49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________

　　A. she is depressed and likes swearing

　　B. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctor

　　C. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctor

　　D. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor

　　50. From Kris Carr's cancer tips we may infer that ________

　　A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancer

　　B. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancer

　　C. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colors

　　D. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patients

　　PASSAGE3.

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:

　　Should a leader strive to be loved or feared?This question,famously posed by Machiavelli,lies at the heart of Joseph Nye's new book.Mr.Nye,a former dean of the Kennedy School of Govemment at Harvard and one-time chairman of America's National Intelligence Council,is best known for promoting the idea of "soft power",based on persuasion and influence,as a counterpoint to "hard power",based on coercion(强迫) and force.

　　Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books,Mr.Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership,in both the political and business spheres.Machiavelli,he notes,concluded that "one ought to be both feared and loved,but as it is difficult for the two to go together,it is much safer to be feared than loved."In short,hard power is preferable to soft power.But modem leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.

　　The context of leadership is changing,the observe,and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated.In modem companies and democracies,power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制) are being undermined,making soft power ever more important.But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion.Mr.Nye argues.Instead,he advocates a synthesis of these two views.The conclusion of The Powers to Lead ,his survey of the theory of leadership,is that a combination of hard and soft power,which he calls”smart power”,is the best approach.

　　The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is ,apparently,the “transformational leadership pattern”.Anone allergic(反感) to management term will already be running for the exit,but Mr,Nye has performed a valuable service in rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadcriship into a single,slim volume.He examines different approaches to leadership,the morality of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effcctiveness of a particular leader.There are plcnty of anccdotes and examples,both historical and contemporary,political and corporate.

　　Alsa,leadership is a slippery subject,and as he depicts various theories,even Mr.Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall.He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadershipin particular,the question of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie -and he provides a helpful 12-point summary of his conclusions.A recuming theme is that as circumstances change,different sorts of leadcrs are required;a leader who thrives in one environment may struggle in another,and vice versa.Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadcrship offers no casy answers.

　　51.From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr.Machiavelli's idea of hard power is ______.

　　A.well accepted by Joseph Nye

　　B.very influential till nowadays

　　C.based on sound theories

　　D.contrary to that of modem leadership theorists

　　52.Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to Mr.Nye?

　　A.Coercion is widespread.

　　B.Morality is devalued.

　　C.Power is no longer concentrated.

　　D.Traditional hierarchies are strengthened

　　53.In his book the Powers to lead,Mr.Nye has exmined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.

　　A.authority

　　B.context

　　C.approaches

　　D.morality

　　54.Mr.Nye's book is particularly valuable in that it _____.

　　A.makes little use of management terms

　　B.summarizes various studies concisely

　　C.serves as an exit for leadership researchers

　　D.sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders

　　55.According to the author,the most interesting part of Mr.Nye's book lies in his _____.

　　A.view of changeable leadership

　　B.definition of good leadership

　　C.summary of leadership history

　　D.discussion of moral leadership

　　PASSAGE4

　　Questions 56to 60are based on the following passage:

　　Americans don't like to lose wars. Of course, a lot depends on how you define just what a war is. There are shooting wars-the kind that test patriotism and courage-and those are the kind at which the U.S excels. But other struggles test those qualities too. What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the construction of the railroads? If American indulge in a bit of flag—when the job is done, they earned it.

　　Now there is a similar challenge. Global warming. The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this very planet is becoming a war of the first order, and by any measure, the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the world's greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn't intend to do a whole lot about it. Although 174 nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to reduce carbon levels, the U.S. walked away from them. There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen. But for a country that tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values, the U.S. is taking a pass on what might be the most patriotic struggle of all. It's hard to imagine a bigger fight than one for the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and stability of its economy.

　　The rub is, if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency, there's far less agreement on how to fix it. Industry offers its pans, which too often would fix little. Environmentalists offer theirs, which too often amount to native wish lists that could weaken American's growth. But let's assume that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will always demand that their voices be heard and that their needs be addressed. What would an aggressive, ambitious, effective plan look like-one that would leave the U.S. both environmentally safe and economically sound?

　　Halting climate change will be far harder. One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem calls for a reduction of 25 billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52 year. And yet by devising a consistent strategy that mixes and blends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition, the U.S. can, without major damage to the economy, help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future generations. Money will do some of the work, but what's needed most is will. "I'm not saying the challenge isn't almost overwhelming," says Fred Krupp. "But this is America, and America has risen to these challenges before."

　　56. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　A. Human wars.

　　B. Economic crisis.

　　C. America's environmental policies.

　　D. Global environment in general.

　　57. From the last sentence of paragraph 2 we may learn that the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and the stability of its economy is__________.

　　A. of utmost importance

　　B. a fight no one can win

　　C. beyond people's imagination

　　D. a less significant issue

　　58. Judging from the context, the word "rub"(Line 1, Para.3)probably means_______.

　　A. friction

　　B. contradiction

　　C. conflict

　　D. problem

　　59. What is the author's attitude toward America's policies on global warming?

　　A. Critical

　　B. Indifferent

　　C. Supportive

　　D. Compromising

　　60. The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal with___________.

　　A. the new book written by Fred Krupp

　　B. how America can fight against global warming

　　C. the harmful effects of global warming

　　D. how America can tide over economic crisis

　　Part Ⅳ Translation

　　With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.

　　Bankers’ excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.

　　Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.

　　Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term profits and revenue’s, and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risks.

　　Section Ⅲ Translation 46. Directions: In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points) Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do --- roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emissions? Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres around the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy. However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction , but there is much more to be done, and not just by big companies.

　　小作文真题：

　　suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admited to a university write him/her a letter to:

　　(1)Congratulate him/her,and

　　(2)give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life you should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. DO not sign your own name at the end of the letter,Use "zhangwe"

　　大作文真题：

　　write a short essay baesd on the following chart.in your writing,you should:

　　1)interpret the chart and

　　2)give your comments you should write at least 150 wrods write your essay on answer sheet 2(15points)

　　答案

　　SECTION 2

　　21-30 CDDBC BDABA

　　31-40 BADDA BACAC

　　SECTION 3

　　41-50 BBAAC CCBCC

　　51-60 DCABD CAAAC

　　SECTION 4

　　由于国家金融体制处于危机边缘动荡,一些大银行和金融机构中的高级管理人员的补偿金计划就受到密切关注. 银行家们过度冒险是金融危机的至关重要原因,在历史上也有类似情况.在这种情况下,一般是由低息引起并造成持续的错觉,其实是一种债务泡沫经济. 抵押贷款人很乐意把大量资金借给无力偿还的人,就把贷款瓜分了,并沿这样的链条出售给下一个金融机构,这些做法都在利用高科技证券业,结果,却增加了抵押资产的风险. 金融条例必须能应付这种能使银行下滑的,最不负责任的做法,以期扭转下一个危机,而这下一个危机很可能包括有各种类型的技术和资产.但值得审视补偿金计划的根本问题,因为那是眼前利益,但却让银行家们不负责任的甘冒风险.

　　46.Directions:In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)

　　“Suatainability” has become apopular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured apainful period of unsustainability in his own life made itclear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.

　　Ning recalls spending aconfusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He‟d been though the dot-com boom and burst and,desperate for ajob,signed on with a Boulder agency.

　　It didin‟t go well. “It was a really had move because that‟s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, „Just wait, you‟ll trun the corner, give it some time.‟”

　　翻译参考

　　“坚持不懈”如今已成一个流行词汇，但对TedNing而言，这个概念一直有个人含义，经历了一段痛苦松懈的个人生活，使他清楚面向以坚持不懈为导向的价值观，必须贯彻到每天的行动和选择中。

　　Ning回忆起20世纪90年代末期卖保险的那段迷茫时光，他通过蓬勃兴起的网络疯狂地找工作，并且与Boulder代理机构签了约。

　　事情进展并不顺利，TedNing说到：“那真是个糟糕的选择，因为我对此没有激情，”可以预料，他把工作中的矛盾能解释为没有业务。Ning说：“我很痛苦渴望午夜起来盯着天花板，我没钱，我需要工作，每个人都说„等吧，只要有耐心会好转的。‟”

　　47. Directions:

　　You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to

　　1) Express your thanks for his/her warm reception;

　　2) Welcome him/her to visit China in due course.

　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.

　　Do not write your address. (10 points)

　　Dear xxx,

　　I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for your kindness to receive me when I participated in an exchange program in USA.

　　Your generous help made it possible that I had a very pleasant stay and a chance to know American cultures better.

　　Besides, I think it is an honor for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go. I do hope that you will visit China one day, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship.

　　I feel obliged to thank you again.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　Zhang Wei

　　48. Directions:

　　In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should

　　1) Interpret the chart and

　　2) Give your comments.

　　You should write at least 150 words.

　　Write your essay on on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)

　　In this chart, we can see the mobile phone subscriptions in developed countries have a steady and slight increase from 1990 to 2007 and then remain constant in 2008. Meanwhile the mobile phone subscriptions in developing countries have witnessed a slow increase from 1990 to 2004 and then a great surge from 2004 to 20007: the biggest surge happens from 2005 to 2006.

　　This chart reflects different developing modes of mobile phone industry in developed and developing countries. The developed countries have a limited number of populations, most of whom are well-educated. Therefore, the spreading of the mobile phone service is efficient and soon the market is saturated. Also at the beginning the developed countries have more people who can afford this service. The developing countries have a large population who keeps a large demand for mobile service. As the mobile phone service becomes cheaper and cheaper, the increasing customers subscribe to benefit from this service.

　　As discussed above, it is not surprising to see this change. In my opinion, this trend that the number of mobile-phone subscriptions is increasingly increasing will continue for a while in the future.

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