[考研英语] 阅读精选：不浪费，不缺乏

　　『大量的食物永远也到不了我们的餐桌，全世界食物浪费量惊人。』

　　Waste Not, Want Not

　　不浪费，不缺乏

　　Feb 24, 2011 | From The Economist

　　MANCUR OLSON, an American economist, talked about $100 bills lying on the sidewalk to express the idea of easy gains. The amount of food that is wasted represents a gigantic stack of $100 bills. Both in rich countries and poor, a staggering 30-50% of all food produced rots away uneaten. According to Josef Schmidhuber of the FAO, in Africa the post-harvest waste largely explains why many smallholders are net purchasers of food even though they grow enough for their families to eat.

　　In poor countries most food is wasted on or near the farm. Rats, mice and locusts eat the crops in the field or in storage. Milk and vegetables spoil in transit. These might be considered losses rather than waste. Kanayo Nwanze, the head of the International Fund for Agricultural Development, reckons that such losses could be reduced by half. That would be the equivalent of a rise in output of 15-25%, which would go a long way to providing the extra food needed by 2050.

　　Unlike in rich countries, much of the waste in poor ones is a matter of money, not behaviour. Grain is often heaped on the ground and covered with a sheet: no wonder the rats get at it. Losses could be reduced by building new silos and better roads and providing more refrigeration, but those things are expensive. The African Development Bank is financing a seven-year programme to reduce waste by 3% a year. Given the scale of the losses, says Divine Njie of the FAO, who woq�ky"http://kaoyan.koolearn.com/zhuanshuo/mt/" target="_blank" class="link">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"color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">

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