2021年考研英语大纲：作文评分标准解读

　　了解考研英语大纲可以帮助考研的同学找到正确的复习方向，从而提升复习效率。新东方在线考研频道为大家整理了“2021年考研英语大纲：作文评分标准解读”，帮助考研人提升考研复习效率。

　　2021年考研英语大纲：作文评分标准解读

　　我们首先来看考研大纲对于写作的要求，英语一大纲要求：

　　考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。写作时，考生应能：

　　1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当;

　　2)遵循文章的特定文体格式;

　　3)合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯;

　　4)根据写作目的和特定作者，恰当选用语域。

　　英语二大纲要求：

　　考生应能根据所给的提纲、情景或要求完成相应的短文写作。短文应中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。

　　根据大纲要求，写作评分标准也相应产生，以下为五档评分标准：

　　从以上大纲和评分标准中我们可以总结出，写作的评分标准大概包含三个方面：语言、结构和内容。语言即语法的正确性、词汇和句型的多样性，比如英文中表达“越来越多”，很多同学都会写道more and more，但这一短语属于高中词汇，大学四六级和考研英语应该把more and more升级为an increasing number of或a mounting number of等短语。使用丰富多变且高级的句型和词语，能够帮助同学们取得高分。

　　结构包括全篇谋篇布局和段落内的结构，这就要求同学们在平时复习过程中注意总结积累大小作文的框架句型，对段落数、每段的句子数量做到心中有数，例如，一般大作文分为三段，第一段描述图画或图表，第二段论证，第三段总结。这是全篇的谋篇布局。段落内的结构即，例如第一段，第一句总体描述图画或图表，第二至第三句具体描述图画或图表的细节，第四句点出图画或图表的中心主旨。

　　内容即作文主体段落要言之有物，不能是空洞的模板，尤其是大作文的第二段，通常使用因果论证、举例论证、正反论证等论证手法，要做到论点简洁，论据丰富，论证充分，要做到这三点，同学们要积累论点句型，背诵以及灵活运用常用论据。这样在考场上才能一气呵成，写出结构紧凑、内容充实的作文。

　　除此之外，卷面书写也是非常重要的一项，同学们要保持试卷的整洁，尽量减少涂抹勾画，把字母写得饱满匀称，可以给阅卷的老师留下很好的印象，也不会造成老师误判作文的情况。如果有同学英文书写不太理想的话，可以买一本英文字帖，描红单词来提高自己的书写水平。

　　我们以下面两篇范文来对比一下低分作文和高分作文的差别。

　　示例一：

　　As is vividly depicted in the picture, two disabled men are running fast through teamwork although each of them has only one leg. Obviously, it is teamwork that makes it possible for them to go anywhere they want to.

　　Simple as it is, what the picture conveys to us is thought-provoking. With the development of economy and society, competition is increasingly fierce. It is impossible for anyone to finish a work all by himself. Hence, people in mounting numbers put great emphasis on teamwork. In fact, it has been universally acknowledged that the ability of teamwork is the most essential qualification that anyone who wants to achieve success should possess.

　　Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take some measures to enhance the sense of teamwork in our society. We should bear in mind that teamwork is of great significance to both our society and ourselves. Every one should have the ability of teamwork. Only in this way can we achieve success and only in this way can our society become more harmonious to live in.

　　示例二：

　　As is apparently illustrated in the drawing is that two men who have only one good leg give up their tick-help, and tie them together, and walk together. This phenomenon is encouraging and thought-provoking.

　　The purpose of the painter is that team spirit is so important in every field, such as in work, in study or in housework and so on. At present, people who want to finish a task dependently won’t succeed but to work together with other people. Because one person’s ability is too limited to finish a tough task. However the power will be stronger when they work together. Unfortunately, many people still ignored the great effect of team spirit so that those people will be confronted with some difficulties in dealing with some tough task.

　　In order to popularize the great team spirit, we’d better take some drastic measures. First of all laws and regulations in every company or other department should be set up to popularize the importance of the cooperation in every field. Only in this way can we finish our task smoothly and effectively.

　　第一篇作文相比较之下要比第二篇作文低一档，原因在于，第一，它的用词比较单调，主题词为团队精神，全文就只有一个teamwork，而第二篇作文有team spirit，work together，cooperation等替换词，不会过于单调乏味。第二，第一篇主体段，即第二段，论证不够充分，内容不够充实，而第二篇的主体段，运用原因分析，正反论证，充分证明了团队精神的重要性。第三，第一篇短句和简单句过多，而第二篇能够恰当使用定语从句、状语从句，长短句相结合，错落有致。所以综合来看，第二篇分数会高于第一篇。

　　英文写作不是一蹴而就的，需要同学们日积月累，在积累了框架句型和词汇之后多加练习，提高自己的写作水平，这样才能在考试中取得理想的成绩。

　　以上就是为考研人分享的：“2021年考研英语大纲：作文评分标准解读”希望能为大家带来帮助，预祝大家考研成功。更多考研英语知识可以关注新东方在线考研频道。