2022考研：MPA面试真题系列总结3

　　 2022考研：MPA面试真题系列总结3

　　接着上周的面试真题，老吕继续为大家推出第三期MPA面试真题，这些真题都是通过学员个人亲自描述所得，具有十分重要的参考意义，希望大家能够认真消化吸收，将其转化成个人的知识储备。

　　MPA面试真题汇总

　　@钱同学：北京市某区公务员 29岁

　　面试专业课真题：怎么看简政放权

　　参考答案：简政放权其实很早就得到了政府的关注。在新中国刚建立之初，国家经济还不发达，很多事情需要国家统一调度分配。随着市场经济的发展，我们越来越意识到市场经济的活跃需要简政放权。在抗战时期，毛泽东同志为了改进机关主义、形式主义、官僚主义，就提出过“精兵简政”，而在改革开放的历史进程中，行政体制改革的重点也是简政放权。

　　“集权”其实也是一个历史遗留问题。首先因为传统文化的影响，国家政府总希望积极为人们“做事”，另一方面，因为集中力量办大事的口号，很多大事情确实是在集权的条件下很顺利的进行的，其次还有对于掌控权力的习惯，在经过了这么多年时间后，很难丢弃，所以简政放权困难重重。

　　那么如何进行呢?我们简政放权的对象是人民，所以调动人民群众的积极性是改革成功的关键。集中人民的智慧，是走中国特色社会主义道路的关键。还政于人民，让人民更多的参与到对国家、政府的管理中来，让人民能够充分的发表意见。让人民意识到自己才是国家的主人，那么简政放权就落到了实处

　　英语面试真题：Should the state introduce paid holiday for children to support the elderly(国家是否应该出台带薪休假，用于子女赡养老人)

　　参考答案：The parents of the only child made self sacrifice in order to carry out the national policy. Due to the traditional concept of "raising children for the aged" and the lag of the construction of social pension institutions in reality, at present, the vast majority of the elderly in China are still at home. This is not a big problem for the old people who used to have many children. Children can share the responsibility of supporting the old people. However, for the only child, they bear much more pension pressure. A couple may have to support four or more elderly people at the same time.

　　In the long run, the mode of home-based care is bound to change. Whether it's the only child or the second child, under the pressure of modern life, supporting their parents must be beyond their power. Now it's too late to prepare for a rainy day. We should make up for it and vigorously establish public and private multi-level pension institutions. At present, the middle-aged and old people's concern about the pension institutions is not a simple concept problem, but the problem of too few existing pension institutions. With the increase of aging, the government may have to build institutions for the aged just like schools.

　　@云同学：河北省某地级市纪检系统公务员

　　面试专业课真题：德治与法治的关系

　　参考答案：德治主要是以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，以为人民服务为核心;以集体主义为原则，以爱祖国、爱人民、爱劳动、爱科学、爱社会主义为基本要求;以社会公德、职业道德、家族美德、个人品德的建设为落脚点。建立与社会主义市场经济相适应、与社会主义法律体系相配套的社会主义思想体系，并使之成为全体人民普遍认同和自觉遵守的行为规范。德治是根据善恶、荣辱、公私、美丑等标准，通过社会舆论、内心信念、传统习惯和教育力量等来影响和规范人们的行为。

　　法治是依照体现人民意志和社会发展规律的法律治理国家，而不是依照个人意志、主张治理国家;要求国家的政治、经济运作、社会各方面的活动统统依照法律进行，而不受任何个人意志的干预、阻碍或破坏。法治按照合法与否的标准来强制规范人们的行为。

　　但是，在真正的法治建立起来之前，德治作为一种社会的调控的手段毫无疑问是必要的，其作用在于：有利于良法的建立和运行;有利于消解重刑主义的偏见;有利于提高官员的道德水准;有利于提高全民的道德素养。

　　德治是一种软约束;法治是一种硬约束。

　　德治强调思想道德的规范作用;法治则强调法律的惩治作用。

　　德治以说服力和劝导力来规范人的行为;法治以其强制力规范人的行为。对抑制、防止犯罪行为而言，德治重在治“本”，法治重在治“标”。

　　以德治中的“德”这是一种主体内存的软性的约束机制，以“扬善”为重要的目标，而依法治国的法，指的是强制性制约机制，它以“抑恶”为重要的指向，国家和社会的治理必须实现“扬善”与“抑恶”的有机统一。

　　面试英语真题：Opinions and suggestions on the development of private universities(对私立大学发展的看法及意见建议)

　　参考答案：1. Specific policies to encourage and support should be introduced as soon as possible

　　(1) Land use policy. Within the existing policy framework, the government should prioritize and timely arrange the land use targets for the construction of private colleges and universities, and help solve the specific difficulties in land expropriation, demolition, compensation and resettlement.

　　⑵ Preferential tax policies. The government should establish a preferential tax mechanism for privately-run colleges and universities, deduct income tax before tax and deduct income tax for those who invest and run the institutions, and deduct income tax before tax for those who donate to run the institutions.

　　⑶ Admission policy. For privately-run colleges and universities with good educational conditions and quality, the government may arrange a certain proportion of cross-provincial and municipal enrollment plans and overseas enrollment plans (such as the University of Yangon). In the admission batch arrangement, can be admitted with the same batch of public colleges and universities, appropriate to reduce the admission line.

　　(4) Talent system support. The government should appoint teachers and senior management personnel in private colleges and universities according to the approval of public institutions, and the treatment should be worked out and paid by private colleges and universities with reference to relevant standards. The government should also create necessary conditions for the rational flow of talents among public, private and other types of colleges and universities.

　　@李同学：河北某省直机关公务员

　　面试专业课真题：对创新驱动发展战略的理解

　　参考答案：实施创新驱动发展战略，对我国形成国际竞争新优势、增强发展的长期动力具有战略意义。改革开放30多年来，我国经济快速发展主要源于发挥了劳动力和资源环境的低成本优势。进入发展新阶段，我国在国际上的低成本优势逐渐消失。与低成本优势相比，技术创新具有不易模仿、附加值高等突出特点，由此建立的创新优势持续时间长、竞争力强。实施创新驱动发展战略，加快实现由低成本优势向创新优势的转换，可以为我国持续发展提供强大动力。

　　实施创新驱动发展战略，对我国提高经济增长的质量和效益、加快转变经济发展方式具有现实意义。科技创新具有乘数效应，不仅可以直接转化为现实生产力，而且可以通过科技的渗透作用放大各生产要素的生产力，提高社会整体生产力水平。实施创新驱动发展战略，可以全面提升我国经济增长的质量和效益，有力推动经济发展方式转变。

　　实施创新驱动发展战略，对降低资源能源消耗、改善生态环境、建设美丽中国具有长远意义。实施创新驱动发展战略，加快产业技术创新，用高新技术和先进适用技术改造提升传统产业，既可以降低消耗、减少污染，改变过度消耗资源、污染环境的发展模式，又可以提升产业竞争力。

　　面试英语真题：Opinions on the possible leakage of privacy in the Logistics industry(对物流行业可能泄露隐私的看法)

　　参考答案：Personal information security issues with the network deception pattern renovation gradually into people's vision, after Shandong Xu Yuyu was cheated of nearly ten thousand tuition fees died suddenly, causing widespread concern, personal information was leaked once again become the focus of public opinion. But where there is information to use, there is information leakage. The cheater of information selling is like a fly in general, staring at the "egg seam" in the process of information use. And with the improvement of people's lives, online shopping become an indispensable part of life, especially from the March 2022 provinces have to send it special delivery after the real-name registration, personal information leakage and more than one way, and express the company's rapid development has also made some regulations in the serious lag, express single become "leak", let people express information security concerns into public view.

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　　面试考核应对策略

　　提前规划时间

　　面试考核的复习时间安排非常重要，必须要在正确的时间去做正确的事情，绝对不能有一丝一毫的分心和时间安排的不妥当。比如面试的准备工作该从什么时候开始准备，每一个复习任务的复习进度，已经定期的回顾检验机制，都需要进行详细的提前谋划，不能随意处置。而且要在复试前一个星期，将面试过程的问答流程及时间进行简要规划，做好万全准备。