同等学力英语真题高频词汇详解

　　考前突破词汇难关之对策

词汇在英语学习中的重要性自不待言，要想把英语学好，词汇掌握少了是不可能的。为了帮助考生在考前有效突破这一难关，特提出如下对策：

　　一、区别不同要求，各个击破“堡垒”

同等学力考试分为口语交际、阅读、翻译、写作、词汇等专项测试。这些专项测试对词汇数量、类型和掌握的熟练程度要求也是差别很大的。口语交际所要求的词汇量不大，但要求熟练程度高。其中对人文教育、科学技术、生活口语、习语谚语等，必须做到“眼熟”。翻译和写作涉及的词数量也不大，但多数是正规的大词，尤其连接词汇、句法结构功能词等要用得熟练。辨错改错、综合填充用词数量均有限，主要考运用技能。相比之下，阅读词汇数量最大，几乎涉及到全部《大纲》词表，不过其中许多词只要能认识即可。“词汇”考项涉及的词群已如前所述，不仅要求认识，更要求掌握其用法及细微差别。针对这些不同的要求，考生不可仅靠“背词”一招取胜，而应采取如下方法各个击破：（1）先快速背诵本系列丛书的《大纲词汇板块速记》一书，不仅可一举突破阅读的词汇难关，也可对听力等其它考项词群认识在先。（2）在背上述词汇其间，重在“听”配套的磁带，以听熟“听力”词群。（3）对写作、翻译涉及的词群，通过动笔“写”熟。（4）对其它词群则主要靠在练习中巩固与消化。

　　二、集中精力于难点，复用词汇靠题练

《大纲》规定同等学力应试考生最低应掌握5,300个英语词汇和300个左右的常用动词词组。对其中的2,500个带星号的复用词要求熟练掌握。其学习重点已很明确。且在这2,500左右带星号的复用词中，其中中学学过的词就有1,500多。要考的复用词中真正生疏的也只有1,000个左右。下面把1995～2006这11年考题中经常考到的词汇列示如下：

1. a little 2. abolish 3. about

4. abuse 5. acceptable 6. access

7. accident 8. accidentally 9. accomplish

10. a ccordingly 11. account for 12. account to

13. account 　14. accumulate 15. accuse

16. accustom 17. acknowledge 　 18. acknowledgment

19. acquaint 　 20. acquire 　　 21. across

22. act 23. adapt 24. adopt

25. advantage 　　 26. advertisement 　　　　　 27. advise

28. advocate 　　　　　 29. affect 　　　　　 30. alarm

31. like 　　　　 32. alive 　　 　33. alternatively

34. amid 　 35. amount to 　　　　　 36. amusement

37. anticipation 　 38. anxiety 　　　　 39. anxious

40. appeal 　　　 41. appearance 　 　 42. applicable

43. apply 　 44. appoint 　 45. approve

46. arouse 　 　 47. arrange 　 　 48. ascertain

49. asset 　　　　　 50. assign 　　　　　 51. assistance

52. associate 　　 53. assure 54. attach

55. attitude 　 56. attribute 　　 57. audible

58. avail 　 59. available 60. average

61. award 　　 62. awareness 63. beating

64. be bound to 　 　 65. because of 　 66. believe

67. beneficial 　　 68. benefit 69. better than

70. blend 71. bravely 　 72. by means of

73. calm 　　　 74. care about 75. care for

76. career 　　 77. carefully 78. celebration

79. center 　　　　　　 80. certainly 　 81. charge

82. cheat 83. chronic 84. circulation

85. circumstance 　　　　　　 86. classify 87. clear

88. clue 　 89. collapse 　　　 90. collection

91. collective 　　 92. collect 93. combination

94. come along 　 95. come down 　　　 96. come out

97. come over 98. come true 99. commission

100. commitment 　　　　 101. complaint 102. comparable

103. complicate 　 104. component 105. compound

106. complete 107. conceive 108. concentrate

109. concert 110. concise 111. conclusive

112. conduct 113. confidence 114. confident

115. conform 116. confront 117. confuse

118. connection 119. conquer 120. consider

121. consideration 122. contest 123. continually

124. contribute 125. contribution 126. convenient

127. conventional 128. convey 129. cope with

130. correspondingly 131. cover 132. create

133. creative 134. crisis 135. crucial

136. curious 137. currency 138. cut down

139. cut in 140. cut off 141. cut out

142. deception 143. decline 144. decorate

145. dedicate 146. deduce 147. define

148. definite 149. delay 150. deliberate

151. deliberately 152. delicate 153. dependable

154. depression 155. derive 156. descend

157. detach 158. detain 159. detect

160. determine 161. device 162. devise

163. different 164. dignity 165. diligent

166. diminish 167. disappear 168. disappoint

169. dispatch 170. display 171. distinctive

172. distinguish 173. diverse 174. dominate

175. donation 176. down 177. easy

178. effective 179. efficient 180. elaborate

181. element 182. eliminate 183. emission

184. emphasize 185. encounter 186. engagement

187. enough 188. entertainment 189. enthusiastic

190. establish 191. evaluate 192. evolution

193. exchange 194. excite 195. excitement

196. exotic 197. expansion 198. expect

199. expectation 200. experience 201. exploit

202. explore 203. exposure 204. extensive

205. exterior 206. exterminate 207. extra bonus

208. extra charge 209. extra price 210. extra tip

211. facilitate 212. fade 213. failed to

214. understand 215. famous 216. favorable

217. favorite 218. fear 219. feasible

220. field 221. fill in 222. flow

223. follow 224. forbid 225.formal

226. formulate 227. fortunately 228. freedom

229. fulfill 230. function 231. funds

232. furnish 233. gigantic 234. go in for

235. go out 236. go over 237. good

238. grateful 239. guarantee 240. happy

241. hard 242. hard to 243. hard to

244. hard to 245. hastens 246. have

247. hazard 248. helpful 249. hesitation

250. hint 251. hitting 252. holiday

253. hurting 254. ideal 255.identical

256.identification 257. identify 258. illuminate

259. illustrate 260. magination 261. imagine

262. imitate 263. implement 264. import

265. impose 266. impression 267. impulse

268. in addition to 269. in place 270. in return

271. in spite of 272. in the long run 　 273. in turn

274. inaccurate 275. nadequate 　　276. incentive

277. incident 278. include 279. income

280. incredible 281. indispensable 282. individually

283. induce 284. inefficient 285. influence

286. infrequently 287.ingredient 　　 288. inhabit

289. inherit 290. nitially 291.initiate

292. initiative 293. innovate 294. insight

295. inspection 296. install 297. integrate

298. intellect 299. intellectual 300. intelligent

301. intensify 302. intention 303. intentional

304. interactive 305. interest 306. interference

307. interior 308. interruption 309. intervene

310. interview 311. invent 312. investigation

313. irregularly 314. judgment 315. justify

316. keep 317. kill 318. kind

319. knock 320. label 321. last

322. lean on 323. legible 324. less

325. likely 326. limit 327. light up

328. live 329. lively 330. living

331. local 332. majority 333. make out

334. make sense 335. make sure 　 336. make up

337. manage 338. management 　　　　 339. maximize

340. mechanize 341. melt 342. memorize

343. memory 344. mentality 　　 345. mention

346. method 347. minimize 348. modernize

349. morality 350. more than 351. motivate

352. motivation 353. motive 354. municipal

355. name 356. neglect 357. nervously

358. nervousness 359. network 　 360. neutral

361. normally 362. number 363. objective

364. obstacle 365. obtain 366. on

367. on the spot 368. oppose 369. optimal

370. optimism 371. optimistic 　　　372. optional

373. originate 374. other than 375. outlook

376. overwhelm 377. overwork 378. panic

379. paraphrase 380. partially 381. past

382. pat 383. penetrate 384. pension

385. perceive 386. perception 387. peril

388. persecute 389. personality 390. pessimistic

391. petition 392.pinch 393. plan

394. point 395. poise 396. pollution

397. popular 398. possible 399. practical

400. precaution 401. predictable 402. premium

403. preside 404. prestige 405. presume

406. primarily 407. priority 408. privilege

409. problem 410. proclaim 411. produce

412. proficient 413. profound 414. promise

415. promote 416. prosecute 417. protect

418. provincial 419. publication 420. punch

421. punishment 422. put up with 423. qualification

424. raise 425. rarely 426. rather

427. rather than 428. reach 429. reasonable

430. reception 431. recommend 432. reduce

433. refer 434. relax 435. release

436. relevant 437. reluctant 438. remote

439. render 440. request 441. require

442. requirement 443. research 444. reserve

445. resolution 446. resource 447. respectively

448. response 449. restrict 450. retrieve
451. rivalry 452. rotation 453. routine

454. run against 455. run for 456. run into

457. run over 458. rural 459. safety

460. salary 461. scatter 462. search

463. section 464. select 465. sensible

466. sentence 467. separate 468. serial

469. set 470. shoot 471. shrug

472. shrink 473. sick 474. sight

475. similar 476. simply 477. single

478. solution 479. specialty 480. specification

481. specimen 482. spoil 483. stab

484. stack 485. stand for 486. standard

487. standardize 488. standpoint 489.start

490. starve 491. stay 492. steady

493. stand up for 494. storage 495. strategy

496. strike 497. study 498. suppose

499. survival 500. suspect 501. suspend

502. suspension 503. sympathetic 504. temper

505. temptation 506. tension 507. terminate

508. testify 509. think about 510. think for

511. think out 512. think over 513. think

514. together 515. take after 516. take in

517. take off 518. take on 519. take out

520. take over 521. take up 522. touch

523. track 524. traditionally 525. transaction

526. transfer 527. transient 528. transition

529. translate 530. transmission 531. transmit

532. transplant 533. transportation 534. trap

535. trigger 536. turn up 537. understand

538. unevenly 539. unfamiliar 540. unfavorable

541. unfortunately 542. unique 543. unity

544. unnecessarily 545. unsteadily 546. unwell

547. up 548. up to 549. upset

550. used 551. use up 552. valuable

553. value 554. vanish 555. variety

556. verify 557. very 558. via

559. volume 560. voluntary 561. weaken

562. weigh 563. wise 564. with

565. witness 566. worry 567. worsen

568. would 569. wound 570. zealous

通过以上的小统计可以看出，过去年考卷中词汇部分所考到的重点词汇集中在常用动词（包括短语动词）、常用名词、形容词词组、副词，还有少量的介副词性小品词。这些都是英语词汇中最活跃的词汇。由过去可推知未来，今后的命题也还会沿用这个宗旨。考生若能把自己的精力集中在这类复用词汇上，复习效果肯定能够提高较快。对待这些复用词汇，单纯靠“背”是解决不了问题的，而要在大量的练习中掌握之。