2022考研英语写作必备词汇（10）

　　考研英语作文要想获得高分，离不开平时的积累和练习，下面新东方在线考研频道整理了2022考研英语作文相关内容，希望能对2022考研的你有所帮助。

　　Word List 10

　　statistic [stə'tistik]

　　n. 1，[复数]统计资料，统计数字Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat.最近的统计数据显示有30%以上的大学生作弊。2，[复数]统计学Statistics and logic are both challenging subjects.统计学和逻辑学都是难学的学科。3，[单数]一项统计数据It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.该大学招收了9万名学生，这项统计数据用于支持它的声明：它是这个国家最大的私立学校。

　　criticize/ criticise ['kritisaiz]

　　v. 1，(不赞成，认为不对)批评，指责，批判 ~ sb/ sth for sth He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.他指责教师没能认识到男孩子实际上比女孩子更情绪化。2，评价，评判(艺术作品) Criticizing someone's speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.评价别人的演讲比自己做出更好的演讲更容易。

　　formal ['fɔːm(ə)l]

　　adj. 1，正式的，庄重的Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, reference books and in business letters.正式语言是你在教科书、参考书和商务信函中看到的那种语言。2，正规的Real-life experience is often more important than formal education for career success.对事业成功来说，现实生活的经历往往比正规教育更重要。

　　specialize/ specialise ['speʃəlaiz]

　　v. 专门研究，从事，专攻 ~ in sth Online rating platforms- specialize in hotels, restaurants, apartments, and taxis-allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.通过专门针对旅馆、餐厅、公寓、出租车的在线评论平台，游客可以相互交流评论和经验并让所有人看见。

　　depression [di'preʃ(ə)n]

　　n. 1，[C,U]抑郁，沮丧，消沉Optimism is a trait shown to be associated with good physical health, less depression and longer life.乐观是一种特质，并表明与身体健康、较少的抑郁和更长的寿命相关联。2，[U]抑郁症the comprehensive therapy for depression抑郁症的综合治疗‖ 3，[C,U]萧条期，经济衰退期Many people lost their jobs during the business depression.许多人在经济萧条期间失业。4，[C]洼地，凹地，坑Gather rainfall in depressions and pump it to nearby cropland.收集洼地降水，并将其泵入附近农田。

　　eliminate [i'limineit]

　　v. 1，排除，清除，消除eliminate the risk/ possibility

　　/ prejudice排除风险/ 排除可能/ 消除偏见‖ ‖ ~ sth/ sb from sth Food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods.食品制造商现在可以除去某些食物中的脂肪。 2，(比赛中)淘汰Some candidates don't bother to spell the company's name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate,一些应聘者不会费心去正确拼写公司的名称。一旦发现有一处错误，我就会淘汰这个应聘者。

　　enhance [in'hɑːns;-hæns;en-]

　　v. 提高，增强，增进(好的方面) enhance energy efficiency提高能源效率‖ enhance consumer confidence增强消费者信心

　　competitive [kəm'petitiv]

　　adj. 1，竞争的，竞争性强的competitive market/ business/ society/ pressure竞争的市场/ 商业/ 社会/ 压力‖ I often bring work home at the weekends. The advertising world is very competitive.我经常在周末把工作带回家做。广告界竞争非常激烈。2，(产品，价格等与…相比)有竞争力的competitive price/ product/ salary/ edge/ capacity有竞争力的价格/ 产品/ 薪酬/ 优势/ 能力‖ Our research universities have been the key to developing the competitive advantages.研究型大学是发展竞争优势的关键。3，(人有竞争意识的)好竞争的，求胜心切的The athletes may also become moody and lose the competitive desire and enthusiasm for the sport.运动员也可能变得情绪化，失去对运动的竞争欲望和热情。

　　cultivate ['kʌltiveit]

　　v. 1，培育，种植(植物，庄稼) Corn was not known in Europe until Columbus found it being cultivated in Cuba.直到哥伦布在古巴发现被种植的玉米，欧洲人才知道玉米。2，耕种，开垦(土地) It nearly tripled (三倍) its grain production from 87 million tonnes to 231 million tonnes while increasing cultivated grain acreage(土地面积) a mere 8 percent.粮食产量几乎增加至原来的三倍，从8700万吨到23100万吨，尽管开垦的种植面积只增加了8%。3，培养，养成，形成(态度，举止，技能，品质等) The benefit of asking questions with no ready answers cultivates students' ability to make scientific inquiries.问一些没有既定答案问题的好处是能培养学生进行科学探索的能力。‖ cultivate skill/ creativity/ spirit培养技能/ 创造力/ 精神4，cultivated有修养的，有教养的

　　prospect ['prɒspekt]

　　1，[C,U](可能)有希望，可能性prospects for promotion晋升可能性‖ Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return.一些探索领域究几乎没有商业回报的可能性。‖ The prospects of finding gold in California attracted a lot of people to settle down there.在加利福尼亚寻找到黄金的可能性吸引了很多人定居在那里。2，[复数](成功的机会)前景，前途job/ work/ career/ employment prospects工作/ 工作/ 职业/ 就业前景‖ What do you think of the prospects for online education?你认为在线教育的前景如何?‖ When I left a 20-year career to become a freelance writer(自由撰稿者), I had no prospects at all.当我离开了20年的职业生涯成为一名自由撰稿人，我根本没有任何前途可言。3，[单数](将来要发生的事情)前景，设想，展望The prospect of increased prices has already provoked worries.物价上涨的设想已经引起了人们的担忧。‖ Recently, the Chinese Academy of Sciences released a series of annual reports concerning its latest scientific findings and the prospect of the next year.最近,中国科学院出版了关于其最新科学发现与对未来一年的展望的年度系列报告。

　　ambitious [æm'biʃəs]

　　adj. 1，(人有决心)有野心的，雄心勃勃的I'm ambitious. I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management.我雄心勃勃。我真希望我最终能从秘书工作走向管理层。2，艰巨的，耗资的，耗时的My brother's plans are very ambitious; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.我弟弟的计划很难实现，他想在十六岁以前掌握英语、法语和西班牙语。

　　missing ['misiŋ]

　　adj. 1，(物)找不到的，丢失的Locate the missing car.定位丢失的汽车。‖ The tools the man borrowed from the woman are missing.那个男人借那个女人的工具不见了。2，(人)下落不明的，失踪的the missing child失踪的孩子3，缺失的，缺少的Page 55 is missing from the woman's scripts.这位女士手稿的第55页丢失了。

　　largely ['lɑːdʒli]

　　adv. 很大程度上，主要地While much is known about what occurs during sleep, the precise function of sleep and its different stages remains largely in the realm of assumption.尽管睡眠期间会发生什么人们已了解很多，但是睡眠和其不同阶段的确切功能仍然很大一部分是基于假设。

　　genuine ['dʒenjʊin]

　　adj. 1，真诚的，真心实意的For all their differences. The couple were developing an obvious and genuine affection for each other. 尽管这对夫妻有分歧，他们彼此之间还是建立了明显而真挚的感情。2，(事物)真的，名副其实的The jeweler(珠宝商) assured Mr. White that the stone was a genuine diamond and not an imitation.珠宝商向怀特先生确定，这块宝石是真正的钻石，不是仿制品。

　　inquire/ enquire [in'kwaiə]

　　v. 询问，打听 ~ (about sb/ sth) I'm calling to inquire about the four bedroom house you advertised in the newspaper.看到你在报纸上的广告，我打电话想问下四室房子的情况。‖ If you want to know the train schedule, please inquire at the booking office.如果想了解火车时刻表，请到订票处询问。

　　aged ['eidʒid]

　　adj. 1， …岁 Our target audience was males aged 17 to 25. 我们的目标观众是17到25岁的男性。2，年迈的 your aged parents 你年迈的父母3，the aged(统称)老人 When he arrived, he found none but the aged and the sick at home.他到的时候发现除了老人和病人在家外，没有任何人。

　　attribute [ə'tribjuːt]

　　n.[C]特质，特性，属性Thinness is currently an attribute that females desire highly.瘦现在是女性梦寐以求的东西。v. 1，把…归因于 ~ sth to sb/ sth People would attribute the her failures to the very fact that she is a woman.人们会把她的失败归因于她是女人的事实。 2，认为…是某人(所说，做，为) ~ sth to sb No woman can be too rich or too thin. This saying was often attributed to the late Duchess of Windsor(温莎公爵夫人).女性再富有再纤瘦都不为过。这句谚语经常被认为是已故的温莎公爵夫人所说。

　　dramatic [drə'mætik]

　　adj. 1，(变化)巨大的，(事情)突然的，出人意料的，令人吃惊的The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by changes in the visa process. 911事件后，美国留学生入学人数急剧下降，这是签证程序的变化造成的。2，印象深刻的，引人注目的Some 23 percent of wives now earn more than their husbands. And this earnings trend is more dramatic among younger约有23%的妻子现在挣得比丈夫多。而这种赚钱趋势在年轻人中更为明显。3，与戏剧相关的，戏剧学的dramatic play戏剧扮演4，夸张做作的I think the man who played the boss was too dramatic to be realisticboss. 我认为扮演老板的人演得太夸张了，不像现实中的老板。

　　efficiency [i'fiʃ(ə)nsi]

　　n.[U]效率，效能energy efficiency能源效率‖ improve economic efficiency提高经济效率‖ ~ of sb/ sth I was impressed with the efficiency of the work done in the company.这家公司的工作效率给我留下了深刻的印象。

　　elsewhere [els'weə;'elsweə]

　　adv. 在别处，去别处，到别处Their technology has fallen behind their competitors' elsewhere in the world他们的技术已经落后于世界其它地方的竞争者。

　　normally ['nɔːm(ə)li]

　　adv. 1，通常，平常Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate.通常一个学生为了毕业必须上一定数量的课程。2，正常地The black box record where you are going, how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally.黑匣子记录你去了哪里，旅行速度多快，以及飞机上的一切是否在正常地发挥作用。

　　sustain [sə'stein]

　　v. 1，维持(生命，生存) The small creatures sustain themselves on a diet of roots and live in nests they make underground.这些小生物靠根茎为生，住在建在地下的巢穴里。2，持续，保持Marriages are hard to sustain without social or family ties.没有社会和家庭纽带婚姻很难维持。3，经受，遭受The company sustained losses of millions of dollars. 公司遭受了数百万元的巨大损失。

　　trace [treis]

　　v. 1，查找，找寻The underwater listening system was originally designed to trace and locate enemy vessels.水下监听系统最初是设计用来追踪和定位敌舰。2，追溯，找到(根源，原因等) ~ sth back to sth The origins of universities can be traced back to the 12th to14th centuries.大学的起源可以追溯到十二至十四世纪。‖ Experts finally traced the cause of her illness.专家最终找到了她患病的原因。3，追寻，追述，描述(发展，进程等) Any attempt to trace the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties.任何试图追踪婴儿从发声到第一次说话的历程都会遇到极大的困难。

　　n. 1，[C,U]踪迹，痕迹A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax, found on his clothes, had come from the sort of candles used only in churches.闯进教堂的小偷被抓住了，因为在他的衣服上发现了蜡迹，这是一种只有在教堂里使用的蜡烛。2，[C]微量，少许It may be impossible to prevent kids from drinking tap water that may contain trace amounts of chemicals.不让孩子喝可能含有微量化学物质的自来水似乎是不可能的。

　　derive [di'raiv]

　　v. 1，起源于，来源于 ~ from sth It's good to know that quite a few popular English expressions actually derive from the Bible.相当一部分流行的英语表达方式来自《圣经》，知道这一点是有好处的。‖ be ~ed from sth How much of your country's electrical supply is derived from water power?你们国家有多少电力供应来自水力发电?2，获得，得到 ~ sth from sth A child's ability to become deeply absorbed in something, and derive intense pleasure from that absorption, is something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.孩子能够深深地沉浸在某件事中，并从中获得巨大的快乐。这是成年人花费余生努力想要回到的状态。

　　naturally ['nætʃ(ə)rəli]

　　adv. 1，(正常)自然地，顺理成章地Naturally, the higher the market risk of a bond, the higher the interest rate.某种债券的市场风险越大，利率就越高，这是理所应当的。2，(非人造)自然地，天然地，天生地naturally produced chemicals天然形成的化学物质

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