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　　2024考研翻译硕士知识总结：小说赏析

　　切入角度：

　　(1)时代背景

　　(2)流派

　　(3)内容：情节、主题、人物刻画等

　　(4)形式：写作技巧、叙事视角、文体风格等

　　实例：

　　The moon was high and magnificent in the August night. Mrs. Morel, seared with passion, shivered to find herself out there in a great white light, that fell cold on her, and gave a shock to her inflamed soul. She stood for a few moments helplessly staring at the glistening great rhubarb leaves near the door. Then she got the air into her breast. She walked down the garden path, trembling in every limb, while the child boiled within her. For a while she could not control her consciousness; mechanically she went over the last scene, then over it again, certain phrases, certain moments coming each time like a brand red-hot down on her soul: and each time she enacted again the past hour, each time the brand came down at the same points, till the mark was burnt in, and the pain burnt out, and at last she came to herself. She must have been half an hour in this delirious condition.

　　Questions:

　　(1) This passage is taken from Sons and Lovers. Who is the author of the novel and what are his major works?

　　(2) Comment on the writing style of the author.

　　(3) The author was considered to be the innovator of psychological fiction, and then what is psychological fiction?

　　(4) The author was notorious for his writing about sex in his time, what do you think of his writing about the relationship between the two sexes?

　　Key:

　　(1) The author is David Herbert Lawrence. His major works include The Rainbow, Women in Love and Lady Chatterley’s Lover.

　　(2) By combining psychic exploration with social criticism, Lawrence has made an important contribution to the advancement of the English psychological novel. His central preoccupation is the awareness of desolation of mechanical civilization and its destruction of man’s spontaneous feeling. Lawrence is chiefly concerned with human relationships, especially the relationships between men and women. He also advocates an absolute freedom of expression, especially sexual expression. In technique, his artistic tendency is mainly realism and naturalism, which combine dramatic scenes with an authorial commentary. Through a combination of traditional realism and the innovating elements of symbolism and poetic imagination, Lawrence has managed to bring out the subtle ebb and flow of his characters’ subconscious life.

　　(3) A psychological fiction is a work of prose fiction which places more than the usual amount of emphasis on interior characterization, and on the motives, circumstances, and internal action which springs from, and develops, external action. The psychological fiction is not content to state what happens but goes on to explain the motivation of this action. In this type of writing character and characterization are more than usually important, and they often delve deeper into the mind of a character than novels of other genres. The psychological novel can be called a novel of the “inner man”, so to say. In some cases, the stream of consciousness technique, as well as interior monologues, may be employed to better illustrate the inner workings of the human mind at work. Flashbacks may also be featured.

　　(4) Lawrence writes frankly about sex in his novels. He even calls for a complete emancipation of sex, declaring that any repression of sexual life based on social, religious, or moral values of the civilized world would cause severe damages to the harmony of human relationships and the psychic health of the individual’s personality. Many of his novels reflect his belief that men and women should overcome the restrictions of the society and follow their natural instincts. This frank discussion of sex in his novel is the chief reason why he has

　　been accused of pornographic writing.

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