Passage B What we know of prenatal development

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　　3、Passage B What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly, An emotional shock to the mother will elect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we cannot see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child. In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study. As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive car, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that make it comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.1. Which of the following statements is not true?2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that.3. According to the passage, a child may inherit4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will__.5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　问题1

　　A、Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy.

　　B、It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.

　　C、The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.

　　D、There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's.

　　问题2

　　A、she is emotionally shocked

　　B、she has a good knowledge of inheritance

　　C、she takes part in all kind of activities

　　D、she sticks to studying

　　问题3

　　A、everything from his mother

　　B、a knowledge of mathematics

　　C、a rather general ability that we call intelligence

　　D、her mother's musical ability

　　问题4

　　A、surely become musician

　　B、mostly become a poet

　　C、possibly become a teacher

　　D、become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music

　　问题5

　　A、Role of Inheritance.

　　B、An Unborn: Child.

　　C、Function of instincts.

　　D、Inherited Talents.

　　3、试题答案：第1题:B;第2题:A;第3题:C;第4题:D;第5题:A;

　　试题解析：第1题:

　　【选项释义】下列哪一种说法是不正确的

　　A.一些母亲试图在怀孕期间通过学习艺术和其他科目来影响未出生的孩子

　　B.我们完全不可能了解任何关于产前发育的知识

　　C.母亲和孩子的血管不直接连接

　　D.母亲的神经系统和胎儿的神经系统之间没有联系

　　【考查点】推理判断题。

　　【解题思路】根据第一段第一句：根据我们对产前发育的了解，母亲在怀孕期间通过学习诗歌、艺术或数学来塑造未出生孩子的性格，这似乎是完全不可能的。A选项与题意不符。根据第一段第三句：他们的神经系统之间没有联系。D选项与题意不符。根据第一段第四句：甚至母亲和孩子的血管也不直接连接，C选项与题意不符。故本题选B选项。

　　【干扰项排除】A,C,D选项不符合题意。

　　第2题:

　　【选项释义】在哪种情况下母亲会影响到她未出生的婴儿

　　A.她在情感上受到了震惊

　　B.她对遗传特征很了解

　　C.她参加各种活动

　　D.她坚持学习

　　【考查点】事实细节题。

　　【解题思路】根据第一段第四句：母亲的情感冲击会影响到她的孩子，因为这会改变她腺体的活动，从而改变她血液中的化学物质。故本题选A选项。

　　【干扰项排除】B,C,D选项不符合题意。

　　第3题:

　　【选项释义】根据这篇文章，一个孩子会遗传到

　　A.母亲的所有特征

　　B.数学知识

　　C.一种普遍的能力，智力

　　D.母亲的音乐才能

　　【考查点】事实细节题。

　　【解题思路】根据第二段第三句：但孩子有可能或多或少遗传到某些非常普遍的能力，我们可以把它叫智力。故本题选C选项。

　　【干扰项排除】A,B,D选项不符合题意。

　　第4题:

　　【选项释义】如果一个孩子从母亲那里遗传了某些东西，比如敏感的听力，手部或发声器官的特殊结构，他

　　A.一定会成为音乐家

　　B.可能成为诗人

　　C.可能成为老师

　　D.如果遗传因素都围绕着音乐，他可能会成为音乐家

　　【考查点】事实细节题。

　　【解题思路】根据第三段第二句：如果遗传因素都围绕着音乐，这个孩子可能会成为音乐家。故本题选D选项。

　　【干扰项排除】A,B,C选项不符合题意。

　　第5题:

　　【选项释义】下面哪个选项是该文章的最佳标题

　　A.遗传的作用

　　B.未出生的孩子

　　C.本能的功能

　　D.遗传人才

　　【考查点】主旨大意题。

　　【解题思路】文章主要介绍了人们的遗传物质在人发展中的作用，故本题选A选项。

　　【干扰项排除】B,C,D选项不符合题意。

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