MLIS考研英语：阅读理解新题型

　　Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one's side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.

　　Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World WarⅡ and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that "Gift" means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm's length away from others. Latins and Middle-Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes American uncomfortable.

　　Our linguistic (语言上的) and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.

　　Even here in the United States, we make few concessions (让步) to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual (多语言的) guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.

　　When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. Then attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives--usually the richer--who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation's diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.

　　For many years, American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the 21st century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.

　　A.when they visit another country

　　B.the result of Harris opinion poll

　　C.poisonous stuff

　　D.multilingual context is needed

　　E.are hard for both the foreigners and locals

　　F.is meant to bring a person to one's side

　　G.are willing to play a great role

　　41.For the Philippines, waving good-bye ________.

　　42.In German "Gift" means ________.

　　43.The American traffic systems ________.

　　44.The Americans are likely to depend on English ________.

　　45.In the 21st century Americans ________

　　如果要在新的题型上有所提高的话，必须特别重视以下两点：

　　第一，阅读文章里单句之间的关系，这种关系很重要，因为这种关系考察两种题。一是七选五，二是段落排序。主要就是考察同学们对考点空格前后句子关联的把握。

　　第二，要提升大家段落大意的概括和提炼能力。一段文章，总体上讲的是什么?怎么样用简单、简洁的语言把这一段文章的总体意思概括起来，这是段落标题类。在一个段落里面，我们如何把握总体上讲了什么东西，这是我们考生平常阅读里欠缺的一个能力。建议大家多多练习提炼段落大意的能力，可以尝试每次看完一个段落就用简短汉语或者英文把段落主旨写在段落旁边。