2017考研英语拓展阅读：9件事让牙齿闪亮

　　考研英语阅读能力提升需要不断地积累练习，通过多阅读来积累词汇，提升阅读速度，强化把握主旨能力。2017考研复习之初，时间相对充裕，新东方在线建议大家每天多做一些阅读，可娱乐也可增长见闻，还能提升能力。下面一篇文章是关于9件事让牙齿闪亮。

2017考研英语拓展阅读：9件事让牙齿闪亮

　　It has been said a gleaming white smile can make us appear up to 10,000 pround richer.

　　据称，微笑时露出一口闪亮洁白的牙齿，会让你看起来像个成功人士。

　　And yet many of us are unwittingly destroying our teeth through everyday habits such as eating dried fruit or drinking too much tea, an expert has warned.

　　一位专家警告，吃干果、饮茶等日常生活习惯，会在不知不觉中伤害我们的牙齿。

　　Dr Tariq Idrees, a dentist at Carisbrook Dental clinic, Manchester, says people make a number of simple mistakes which severely damage their pearly whites.

　　英国曼彻斯特Carisbrook牙科诊所的牙科医生Tariq Idrees说，人们会犯大量的低级错误，严重损坏他们珍珠般洁白的牙齿。

　　For example, going swimming can harm our smile as chlorine is linked with enamel erosion.And swirling wine around the mouth to taste the flavour ensures the teeth become coated in tooth-rotting acid - with prosecco being particularly bad.

　　比如说，游泳池中的氯可能会导致牙齿侵蚀，从而让你的露齿笑不再那么美丽。而含着满口的葡萄酒品尝它的香味时，也会使牙齿覆盖上一层酸性物质从而腐蚀牙齿，尤其是普罗塞克(一种意大利知名葡萄酒)。

　　Here, he reveals why we should stop drinking hot water and lemon and start pairing fizzy drinks with cheese…

　　以下是他透露的一些秘诀，告诉我们为何要停止喝柠檬水，并开始选择汽水配奶酪。

　　1. CHEWING ICE CUBES IN DRINKS

　　1、嚼冷饮中的冰块

　　The brittleness and cold temperatures of ice cubes can actually cause teeth to fracture. They can cause microscopic cracks in the surface of the enamel, which could lead to bigger dental problems over time. Crushed ice is less harmful than bigger cubes.

　　冰块的脆性和低温竟然能致牙齿断裂。它们能引起牙釉质表层的细微裂缝，进而随着时间的推移导致更大的牙齿问题。碎冰比冰块的危害要稍小一些。

　　2. EATING DRIED FRUITS

　　2、吃干果

　　Raisins or more fashionable dried fruits such as cranberries, mangos and pineapples are all terrible for your teeth.

　　葡萄干或者其他一些更流行的比如蔓越莓干、芒果干、凤梨干都对牙齿有损害。

　　They are highly acidic - but what makes them particularly damaging is they stick to the teeth, compounding the damage.

　　它们是强酸性的——然而更为特别的是，干果容易粘在牙齿上，从而加重了这种危害。

　　3. SWILLING WINE

　　3、钦葡萄酒

　　Wine is particularly bad for your teeth because it comes from grapes which are acidic fruits. Some wines are worse than others - white wine is more acidic than red - and fizzy wine such as prosecco is even worse because the gas acts as an acid too.

　　葡萄酒对牙齿相当有害，因为它的原料就是葡萄这种酸性水果。某些葡萄酒更为糟糕——干白比干红更酸，而像普罗塞克这样的起泡酒更甚——因为气泡也会增加酸性。

　　Wine experts tell you to swirl a good wine around your mouth to bring out the flavour - but this is the worst thing you can do if you want to preserve your teeth.

　　一些葡萄酒专家建议你将上好的葡萄酒含在口中以带出它的香味——其实这是你最不能做的事，如果你想保护好你的牙齿。

　　Swirling simply ensures more of your teeth are covered in the acid.

　　含在口中，显然只让使你更多的牙齿暴露在酸性环境里。

　　4. HOT WATER AND LEMON, TEA AND COFFEE

　　4、柠檬水、茶和咖啡

　　Not only only does it stain your teeth but it rots them, too. They are both high in caffeine, particularly coffee, and this dries out the mouth, making us more susceptible to tooth decay.They stain the teeth too - and perhaps surprisingly tea is worse than coffee when it comes to staining.

　　它们不仅会让牙齿着色，还会侵蚀牙齿。它们的咖啡因含量都比较高，特别是咖啡中，还会引起口干，使人们更易长蛀牙。另外，它们会着色使牙齿不再洁白——这一点要注意的是，茶比咖啡更甚。

　　This is because tannin in tea is a much more powerful staining agent than caffeine. You have to drink quite a lot of black coffee to stain your teeth - five or six cups a day.White coffee will also stain teeth but is less concentrated, so the effect is less.

　　这是因为茶中所含物质丹宁酸比咖啡因更易着色。一天喝上5到6杯黑咖啡才会使牙齿着色。白咖啡也会着色，但并没有那么浓烈，所以影响相对较小。

　　Staining from coffee is very superficial, effecting just the biofilm, a thin layer of bacteria which covers the teeth and gums, and doesn’t penetrate through the enamel itself.

　　咖啡的着色是浅表性的，仅仅影响菌膜——覆盖牙齿和牙龈的一个很薄的细菌层，并不能穿透牙釉质。

　　Lots of women drink lemon and water as a healthy alternative to tea and coffee. This causes gross teeth erosion and should be avoided.

　　出于健康考虑，很多女性将柠檬水作为茶和咖啡的替代品。这显而易见会侵蚀牙齿，应当避免。

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