2017考研英语拓展阅读：9件事让牙齿闪亮

　　5. SWIMMING

　　5、游泳

　　If you swim in a pool often, you may find that you’re doing harm to your teeth. The chemicals that are put into swimming pools, particularly chlorine, are linked to enamel erosion.

　　如果你经常去游泳池游泳，你会发现牙齿正在受损。因为池水中的化学物，特别是氯，会侵蚀你的牙齿。

　　Best to keep your mouth closed when you swim at a pool - better still, swim in the sea.

　　所以，在游泳池游泳时最好不要张开嘴巴，更好的方式是在大海里游泳。

　　6. USING A HARD-BRISTLED TOOTHBRUSH

　　6、使用硬毛牙刷

　　Some people think the firmer the toothbrush, the better. This isn’t so, especially for older adults. With age, the gums push back and the roots of the teeth become exposed, often increasing sensitivity. The root is covered with cementum, which is worn away more easily than enamel. A brush with too-firm bristles may irritate the gums and lead to sensitive teeth.

　　有些人认为牙刷越硬越好，事实上并非这样，尤其对于上了年纪的人。随着年龄的增长，牙龈退后，牙根部逐渐裸露出来，牙齿变得更加敏感。牙根部覆盖着牙髓，它比牙釉质更易磨损。太硬的牙刷会损伤牙龈引起牙齿过敏。

　　7. BRUSHING TOO MUCH

　　7、经常刷牙

　　Brushing your teeth twice a day (in the mornings and last thing at night) is sufficient. Many people brush more than the recommended number of times per day - especially after a big meal.

　　每天刷牙两次已足够了(早起和临睡前)。很多人刷牙次数超过了推荐次数——尤其是在吃过大餐后。

　　Brushing within 30 minutes of a big meal of fizzy drink like cola, can lead to worse damage.

　　如果喝了可乐等起泡饮料，在餐后30分钟内立即刷牙，更容易损害牙齿。

　　It’s also important not to brush too soon after finishing a meal - this can drive the acid deeper into the teeth, corroding them faster than they would have rotted by themselves.

　　餐后应避免立即刷牙，这也是非常重要的。因为它可能会使酸性进入到牙齿的深处，从而侵蚀的更快。

　　Wait at least an hour after a meal or fizzy drink before brushing - this will give your saliva a chance to neutralise the acid.

　　餐后或者喝起泡饮料后，最好等半小时再刷牙——这就能给唾液留出时间来中和酸度。

　　8. EATING TOO MUCH FRUIT

　　8、吃太多的水果

　　Fruit is extremely acidic and particularly harmful to teeth. It is packed full of sugar which bacteria in turn feeds on, producing acid as waste. That acid then leads to erosion. This leaves health-conscious people in a tricky situation: their doctor is telling them to have five a day, but their dentist is saying the opposite.

　　水果是极其酸的，对牙齿相当有害。它富含糖分，反过来又能滋生细菌，产生多余的酸。酸又引起了侵蚀。这让注重健康的人陷入了一个尴尬的境地：他们的医生说每天要吃5个水果，而牙科医生的建议却恰恰相反。

　　So how can people minimise the damage while eating healthily?

　　那如何在健康饮食的同时，将对牙齿的伤害降到最低呢?

　　Group fruit consumption into sessions to minimise the adverse effects.

　　定期一次吃掉多种水果以降低危害。

　　Drinking water and eating food with neutralising qualities, such as cheese, can help reduce the negative effect on teeth.

　　喝水，吃那些能中和酸性的食物，比如奶酪，帮助降低对牙齿带来的负面影响。

　　9. USING TEETH AS TOOLS

　　9、牙齿当成剪刀用

　　Lots of us use our teeth for odd jobs - to rip a price tag off a piece of clothing, open a packet of crisps,.

　　很多人都会用牙齿做一些古怪的工作——咬掉衣服价签、撕开薯片包装等。

　　This can be hard on our teeth, Keep tools such as scissors or pliers handy to do the dirty work and let you maintain good dental health.

　　这些都会伤害到我们的牙齿。让剪刀或者钳子各司其职，让我们保持健康的牙齿吧。

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