2015考研英语阅读英文原刊《经济学人》：亚洲私立医院

　　Others, such as Healthscope and IHH Healthcare, a Malaysian company, have internationalstrategies. In 2010 IHH, then owned by Malaysia's sovereign-wealth fund, bought Parkway, aSingaporean chain of high-end hospitals. In 2012 it snapped up 60% of Acibadem, a Turkishhospital firm. It went public the same year. IHH is now the largest hospital company in Asiaand the second-largest in the world by market value. Its business stretches from Abu Dhabito Vietnam. At Parkway's newest hospital in Singapore, the muted wall colours evoke ahotel; a special scent is piped in to mask antiseptic odours. “Universal coverage is no-frillscoverage,” explains Tan See Leng, IHH's chief executive. “We offer the frills.”

　　另外一部分公司则拥有全球发展战略，如Healthscope和马来西亚的综合保健控股(IHH Healthcare)。在2010年，由马来西亚主权财富基金所拥有IHH收购了新加坡高端连锁医院Parkway，在2012年则买下了土耳其医疗集团Acibadem高达60%的股权。2012年同年IHH正式上市。以市场价值来计算，IHH目前是亚洲最大、世界第二大的医疗集团，其业务范围从阿布达比市延伸至越南。Parkway公司在新加坡最新建立的医院里，柔和的墙面色彩让人感受到了酒店的氛围;特殊的香味持续地输入室内以缓和消毒药剂的气味。IHH首席执行官Tan See Leng解释道：“全民覆盖的医疗服务只是没有任何附加的基础服务，而我们会提供更多。”

　　However, at least three obstacles lie in the path of Asia's ambitious private hospitalcompanies. The first is simply that doctors and nurses are scarce. Companies in China havetrouble attracting doctors from public hospitals, which offer good pay and pensions.Indonesia's rules for foreign doctors all but prohibit hospitals from recruiting them.

　　然而，目前至少有三大问题阻碍着雄心勃勃的亚洲医疗企业。首先，简单地说就是医生和护士的短缺。由于薪水和养老金方面的原因，中国的私立医院无法从公立医院里吸引医生过来。印尼对外国医生的管理仅有一条，那就是禁止医院聘请外国医生。

　　Second, regulations can be treacherous. Gershu Paul, a former boss of Siloam, says that thetime needed to obtain licences, permits and so on constrains growth. The rules sometimesstop companies investing at all. In 2012 Hong Kong's government requested bids to build twonew hospitals. IHH and its local partners, which agreed to stipulations covering everythingfrom the number of obstetric beds to the share of local patients, last year won the right tobuild one site. For the other site there was only one bid—which was rejected because it didnot meet the government's requirements.

　　其次，行业法规或许是不安的因素。西罗亚的前任老板Gershu Paul表示，申请营业执照、营业许可等等的一些条件都限制了医疗市场的增长。有时，一些条款完全让私人公司无法进行投资。2012年，香港政府为建立两所新医院发起了招标项目，而去年IHH和本地合伙人赢得了其中一所的承包权。他们答应了政府要求的从产科病床数到本地病人分享机制的所有条款。对于另外一所医院，在只有一家竞标商的情况下仍因为不满足政府要求而被拒绝。

　　The third obstacle is uncertainty. Selling to the swelling middle class is no doddle: in such anew market, firms are finding it hard to gauge what people will pay for, say, a hip operation,or whether they will pay more for their aged parents' care or for their children's. Siloam'sprivate hospitals have six price tiers, an attempt to serve the many segments of Indonesia'sdynamic market, yet last year only 51% of their beds were filled. So far, the rich are themost dependable moneymakers. When IHH considers entering a market, it notes acountry's Gini coefficient, a measure of inequality: higher inequality implies wealthierpatients willing to pay for treatment.

　　最后一个问题是市场的不确定性。要在持续增长的中产阶级市场中取得成绩绝非易事：在这样的新市场里，医疗公司难以估测人们会为哪个项目买单，例如髋部手术，或者人们是否会为他们年迈的双亲和孩子支付更高价格的医疗服务。西罗亚的私立医院将医疗服务分六个层次来定价，以尽可能多地囊括印尼多变的医疗市场。然而，去年该医院的床位仅达到了51%的使用率。到目前为止，富裕阶层是最可靠的盈利来源。当IHH公司考虑进入一个市场时，它会去关注国家的基尼系数：更高的贫富差距，意味着富裕的病人更愿意为高质量高价格的医疗服务买单。

　　Eventually some firms may prove adept at offering good, cheap treatment. NarayanaHealth, an Indian company, has tried to industrialise hospital operations to make care lesspricey. But it remains to be seen how many private hospitals will count public-health servicesamong their customers. In China, Phoenix has tested schemes in which the government paysit to run public hospitals. The government has said that public insurance may be used forprivate care, but implementation has been patchy. Of the 40 hospitals in Siloam's plan for2017, only the General in Tangerang will take fees from the government. Hospital companieswill surely be part of Asia's emerging health-care systems. How big a part is much lesscertain.

　　最终部分公司或许能在优质廉价的医疗服务领域如鱼得水。一家印度公司Narayana Health已经开始尝试将医院手术工业化，以降低医疗服务的价格。然而，会有多少私立医院将公共医疗服务作为自己的业务内容仍是个未知数。在中国，凤凰医疗集团已经着手进行了实验：政府支付给私人公司去运营公立医院。政府已经表示了公共医疗保险或许也能用于私人医疗服务，但该项目的实施困难重重。截至2017年为止的西罗亚公司40家医院里，只有文登镇的综合医院会收取政府的费用。可以肯定的是，医疗企业会参与到亚洲新兴的医疗系统当中来，而其规模有多大则无法确定。

　　词语解释

　　1.prepare to 准备

　　Others urged obama to prepare to return tocopenhagen.

　　也有其他人敦促奥巴马做好准备重回哥本哈根。

　　I want you to prepare to jump!

　　我要你准备好跳下去!

　　2.tend to 趋向;偏重

　　Smaller laptops also tend to have longer battery life.

　　小巧的电脑也趋向更长的电池持续时间。

　　I tend to prefer light colors.

　　我往往更喜欢淡颜色。

　　3.swell from 膨胀

　　Hills swell gradually from the plain.

　　山渐渐从平原隆起。

　　Britain will see its population swell from today's 62.2 million to 77 million, an increase of 24percent.

　　英国人口将激增24%，从目前的6220万增长至7700万。

　　4.medical coverage 医疗保险

　　What hangs in the balance of studies like this one is medical coverage for cancer.

　　癌症医疗保险才是平衡此类的研究的解决之道。

　　On the positive side, dr. chen said that china has extended basic medical coverage to 96% ofrural chinese.

　　陈竺说，从积极的角度看，中国基本医疗保障制度已覆盖了96%的农村人口。

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