2016考前点睛：英语一阅读高频考点及解题技巧

　　四、主旨题

　　【解题方法】1串线法 2主题词复现法 3框架法

　　【解题步骤】

　　1. 找出段落中心句或者主题词

　　2. 串联各段段落中心句，合并同类项，即可得出全文主旨

　　【例题】2008年Text 1

　　25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

　　[A] Strain of Stress: No Way Out?

　　[B] Responses to Stress: Gender Difference

　　[C] Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say?

　　[D] Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress

　　While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. "Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men," according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York's Veteran's Administration Hospital.

　　Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.

　　Adding to a woman's increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased "opportunities" for stress. "It's not necessarily that women don't cope as well. It's just that they have so much more to cope with," says Dr. Yehuda. "Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men's," she observes, "it's just that they're dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner."

　　Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. "I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating."

　　Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. "I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better." Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. "It's the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt. I lived from paycheck to paycheck."

　　Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez's experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.

　　【解题步骤应用】

　　1. 总结每段中心

　　Para1 女性比男性压力大

　　Para2 从生物角度而言，女性比男性压力大

　　Para3 现实中，女性比男性压力大

　　Para4 女性和男性面对的压力的不同特点

　　Para5 举例论证女性压力的特点

　　Para6 女性压力的现状及应对建议

　　2.合并同类项，即可得出全文主旨

　　Para1 women men stress

　　Para2 women men stress

　　Para3 women men stress

　　Para4 women men stress

　　Para5 women stress

　　Para6 women stress

　　Para1-Para4 women men stress(两性压力不平等)

　　Para5-Para6 women stress(压力下的女性)

　　正确答案[D] Gender Inequality: Women Under Stress