2017考研英语冲刺突破：精选近十年真题的12篇阅读

　2012年阅读真题

　　Text3

　　1. In the idealized version of how science is done, facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work.

　　译文：在"科学研究如何开展"的理想化模式中，世界真相正等待着以科学的方法开展工作的研究者们去观察和收集。

　　2. Within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers make discoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process; other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purposes; and finally, the public (including other scientists) receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology.

　　译文：在科学界这个复杂的社会结构中，研究者做出发现;编辑和评审者控制发现的发表过程以扮演看门人的角色;其他科学家则使用这一新发现来满足自己需要;最后，公众(包括其他科学家)接受这个新发现及其可能随之而来的技术。

　　3. As a discovery claim works it through the community, the interaction and confrontation between shared and competing beliefs about the science and the technology involved transforms an individual's discovery claim into the community's credible discovery.

　　译文：在发现声明通过科学界的逐级审查之时，与该科技相容或相抗的理念会相互作用、相互对抗，将个体的研究发现转变为科学界的可信发现。

　　4. Not surprisingly, newly published discovery claims and credible discoveries that appear to be important and convincing will always be open to challenge and potential modification or refutation by future researchers.

　　译文：不足为奇的是，貌似重要且令人信服的新发表的发现声明和可信发现总是面对后来研究者的质疑、修改、甚至推翻。

　　2013年阅读真题

　　Text 2

　　1. In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioral ads? Or should they have explicit permission?

　　译文：在过去几周里，一场争论说明了这种精细的信息对于广告商的价值：广告商是否可以认为用户愿意被跟踪并接收行为广告?还是说广告商应该获得用户的明确许可?

　　2. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favorably with Google's on that count before.

　　译文：DNT似乎并不是微软Windows 8系统的最大卖点，尽管微软的其他产品在这一方面优于谷歌。

　　2014年阅读真题

　　Text4

　　1. The Heart of the Matter," the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America.

　　译文：美国人文与科学院(AAAS)刚刚发布的研究报告《问题的核心》值得称赞，因为其肯定了人文学科和社会科学对巩固和繁荣美国自由民主的重要性。

　　2. In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by "federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others" to "maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education."

　　译文：2010年，美国国会的重要民主党人和共和党人向美国人文与科学院致信，要求其制定可以被"联邦、州和地方政府，大学，机构，教育工作者，个人捐助者及其他人"采纳的措施，以"使国家在人文学科和社会学科的学术研究及教育方面继续保持卓越的地位"。

　　3. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students' ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day.

　　译文：为了激励创新和竞争，该报告呼吁增加科研收入，精心设计调理清晰的课程，以提高学生在21世纪解决问题的能力和有效沟通的能力，呼吁增加对教师的投入，鼓励学者应用他们的研究来应对如今的巨大挑战。

　　2015年阅读真题

　　Text2

　　1. California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling particularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest.

　　译文：之前的设想是当局在逮捕嫌犯时可以搜查其财物，而加州请求大法官要避免做出全面性的裁决，尤其不能推翻之前的设想。

　　2. They could still invalidate Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe, urgent circumstances, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not erased or altered while a warrant is pending.

　　译文：当面对严重的、紧急的情况时，他们甚至还可以不受第四条修正案保护条款的约束，并且他们在搜查令还未获准的情况下，也能采取合理的措施以确保手机里的数据不被删改。

　　Text4

　　1. This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,she thought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking .

　　译文：她认为，同样道德目的的缺失伤害到了像新闻国际这样的公司，使其更有可能像过去一样因大范围非法窃听电话而迷失方向。

　　2. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived.

　　译文：其中让人吃惊的真相之一是丽贝卡·布鲁克斯竟然对于发生在她新闻工作室的事情知之甚少，她竟然几乎未加以过问，实际上她从不询问这些新闻报道的来源。