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　　Part C

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Innovation and research have relied on public participation in science for centuries. It was a musician who discovered the planet Uranus in the 18th century by making his own telescope with mirrors composed of copper and tin.

　　(46)Recent decades have seen science move into a convention where engagement in the subject can only be done through institutions such as a university. Citizen science provides an opportunity for greater public engagement and the democratization of science.

　　In the information era, large data sets, small teams and financial restrictions have slowed scientific process. (47) But by utilizing the natural curiosity of the general public it is possible to

　　overcome many of these challenges by engaging non-scientists directly in the research process.

　　Anyone can be a citizen scientist regardless of age, nationality or academic experience. You don't even need formal training, just an inquisitive mind and the enthusiasm to join one of the thousands of citizen science projects to generate new knowledge and the means to understand a genuine scientific outcome.

　　(47)Scientists have employed a variety of ways to engage the general public in their research, such as making data analysis into an online game or sample collection into a smartphone application. They're employed citizen scientists to help with bug counting and image categorizing Cancer cells, and even identifying distant galaxies.

　　This form of accessible science means that great minds are able to join the race to create and develop projects with the potential to change the world. A citizen science - based approach can extend the field of vision and include more ideas and different brains to problem - solve and create, making innovation faster and more effective.

　　The rise of citizen science has grown alongside the rise of do-it-yourself biology laboratories around the world. (49) These groups of people are part of a professional scientists seeking to take discovery art of institutional and put it into the hands of anyone with the enthusiasm.

　　There are around 40 official do-it-yourself biology centers across the globe in locations including Paris, London, Sydney, and Tel Aviv. (50) They pool resources, collaborate, think outside the box, and find solutions and ways around obstacles to explore science for the sake of science without the traditional boundaries of working inside a formal setting. So is it time to take the Petri dish out of the laboratory and into the garage?

　　(46) Recent decades have seen science move into a convention where engagement in the subject can only be done through institutions such as a university.

　　近几十年来，我们得以见证科学进入了一种常态，那就是学科参与仅仅是通过高校这样的研 究机构完成。

　　(47) But by utilizing the natural curiosity of the general public it is possible to overcome many of these challenges by engaging non-scientists directly in the research process.

　　但是，借助广大公众与生俱来的求知欲，我们有可能通过让“非科学家”们直接参与到科学 研究来应对许多这样的挑战。

　　(48) Scientists have employed a variety of ways to engage the general public in their research, such as making data analysis into an online game or sample collection into a smartphone

　　application.

　　科学家们动用各种各样的方式让广大公众们参与到他们的研究中，比如就一款网络游戏进行 数据分析，亦或是对一个智能手机应用进行样本搜集研究。

　　(48) These group of people are part of a rapidly expanding biotechnological social movement of citizens scientists and professional scientists seeking to take discovery out of institutions and put it to the hands of anyone with enthusiasm.

　　这群人属于快速壮大的生物科技社会运动的一部分，该运动涉及公民科学家和专业科学家， 而后者试图将发现带离研究机构，交到那些热衷之人手中。

　　(50) They pool resources, collaborate, think outside the box, and find solutions and ways

　　around obstacles to explore science for the sake of science without the traditional boundaries of working inside a formal setting.

　　这些中心汇集资源，相互合作，打破常规思维，围绕难题找到解决措施和方法，目的是为科 学而探索，不拘泥于常规环境，跳出传统的边界。

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