2015年MBA备考冲刺英语：英语语法概述(九)

　　3. 在有些动词后面既可以跟动词+-ing, 也可以跟动词不定式这类动词有: attempt, (can’t)bear, begin, cease, continue, deserve, dislike, dread, ear,forget, hate, intend, like, love, need, neglect, plan, prefer, propose, regret,remember, require, start, try, want 等。

　　在有些动词后面, 两种结构之间的意义差别不大。例如:

　　He prefers writing (to write) an outline before he writes a summary.

　　He had really intended staying (to stay) longer.

　　但在某些动词之后, 两种结构之间的意义差别较明显:

　　We must try to solve this problem.我们必须设法解决这个问题。

　　We can try solving this problem in other ways.我们可以试用另一些方法来解决这一问题。

　　I must remember to pay you for the ticket.我一定要记住把电影票的钱支付给你。

　　I don’t remembe paying you for the tickets.我不记得已把电影票的钱支付给你了。

　　这类词还有forget, mean, regret等。

　　demand, deserve, need, require, want 等词既可以要求动词+-ing作宾语, 也可以要求动词不定式的被动式作宾语。例如:

　　John’s house in the country wants painting.

　　John’s house in the country wants to be painted.

　　这两种结构意义相同。

　　还有像go on, stop 这类动词如果后接动词+-ing 则表示继续(做某事)或停止(做某事); 而如果后接动词不定式则表示前面一个动作已结束或停止, 继之做另一个动作。例如:

　　The robot first reads the engineering drawing and then goes on to

　　assemble the parts

　　机器人首先阅读工程图纸, 然后根据图约安装零部件。

　　Some students went on working on their examination when the bell rang.

　　当铃声响的时候, 一些学生还在继续做考试题。

　　二、非谓语动词作宾语补足语

　　要求动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词有:feel, have, hear, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, observe, see和watch。在这些动词后面, 做宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to。例如:

　　I’ll try to get someone repair the recorder for you.

　　Electricity makes the motor run.

　　I heard him say so.我听到他这么说过。

　　She would not let the child do it.她不会让孩子做这事的。

　　I observed him stop at the gate.我看到他在门口停下来。

　　I watched him put on his coat.我看着他穿上衣服。

　　但是当这些动词用于被动语态时, 后面的动词不定式则必须带to:

　　The motor is made to run by electricity.

　　在 cannot but, do nothing but (except), had better, had best, rather than, would rather 。.than 和 would sooner than等结构后要求不带to的动词不定式。例如:

　　I have done nothing except do what I should.

　　One cannot but admire her even if one may not like her.你即使不喜欢她也只得佩服她。

　　要求动词+-ing(短语)作宾语补足语的动词有: discover, feel, find, have, hear, keep, leave, like, need, notice,observe, report, see, smell, spot, want, watch 等。例如:

　　Male secretaries sometimes find themselves mistaken for higher status

　　professionals.

　　You can have your tape recorder repaired in the shop over there.

　　其中在see, hear, feel, observe, watch, notice 等动词后, 既可以用不定式作宾语补足语, 也可以用动词+-ing作宾语补足语。前者强调动作发生的?事实( 即动作全部过程结束 ), 后者则强调动作的进行过程(即动作正在进行)。

　　Tom saw his parents get into the car and drive off.

　　I saw him making the experiment.