2016考研英语冲刺：2010年阅读真题text4核心词汇

　　[选项词汇]

　　diminish /dI5mInIF/ v [C,U] 贬低;贬损;轻视：Don’t diminish the importance of his contribution. 别贬低他的贡献。(I37)

　　evade /I5veId/ v [T] 躲避;回避：He denied evading the question. 他否认自己在回避这个问题。(I38)

　　in that因为;由于：The new system is better in that it provides faster access to the Internet. 新系统更好，因为它能提供更快的网络连接。(I39)

　　misinterpret/9mIsIn5t\:prIt/ v [T] 误解：I realized that what I’d said could be misinterpreted as criticism. 我意识到我的话可能被误解为批评。(I39)

　　indicator/5IndIkeItE(r)/ n [C] 指示物;标志物：ecological/economic indicator生态/经济指标 (I39)

　　skepticism/5skeptIsIzEm/ n [U] 怀疑论;怀疑的态度：She treated this statement with a healthy amount of skepticism. 对这项表述，她表现出诸多怀疑。

　　句式分析

　　①These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would

　　主语 谓语 宾语从句 定语从句1

　　pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.(P1S4)

　　定语从句2

　　[分析]本句为复合句，句子的主干结构为These rules say...，谓语后为省略从属连词that的宾语从句they must value some assets at the price..., not the price...，在该宾语从句中，代词they作主语，情态动词must与动词value共同构成谓语，宾语为assets。两个price之后分别接了一个省略关系代词的定语从句：a third-party would pay和managers and regulators would like them to fetch。

　　②The details may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters,

　　主语1 谓语1 表语 主语2

　　essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. (P2S2)

　　后置定语 谓语2

　　[分析]本句是由转折连词but连接的两个分句构成的并列句， 前一分句的主语为the details， 情态动词may后跟系动词be，unknowable为表语。第二个分句主语为名词短语the independence of standard-setters，后接形容词短语essential to the proper functioning...作后置定语，谓语为被动语态的进行时is being compromised。

　　③These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and

　　主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语1 后置定语

　　more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term assets in their income

　　直接宾语2 后置定语

　　statements. (P3S2)

　　[分析]该句的主干结构为These gave banks more freedom...and more flexibility...，主语these指代上文中FASB匆忙对会计准则做出的一系列修改，谓语为gave，后跟间接宾语banks， 名词more freedom和more flexibility充当直接宾语。第一个直接宾语more freedom后的不定式短语to use models to value illiquid assets作后置定语，其中不定式to value illiquid assets为use的目的状语。第二个直接宾语more flexibility之后由介词in引导的结构充当它的后置定语，该定语中的介词短语in their income statements为状语。

　　④The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the

　　主语1 谓语1 宾语从句 连词

　　pressure to fold when it completes its reconstruction of rules later this year is

　　主语2 定语 状语从句 谓语2

　　strong. (P4S2)

　　表语

　　[分析]该句是由转折连词but连接的两个分句构成的并列句，前一分句的主干结构为The IASB says...,谓语says后为省略从属连词that的宾语从句。第二个分句的主干结构为the pressure...is strong，不定式to fold做后置定语修饰pressure，连词when引导的句子在第二个分句中作时间状语从句。

　　⑤And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear

　　主语 状语 谓语 宾语 定语从句1

　　of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.(P5S5)

　　定语从句2

　　[分析]本句为复合句，其主干部分为...dead markets... reflect the paralysis of banks...， 关系代词which引导的定语从句修饰先行词banks，which在从句中充当主语。该定语从句包含两个并列谓语结构。第一个谓语为will not sell，宾语为assets，介词短语for fear of...则充当原因状语。第二个谓语为系动词are，其后reluctant to buy则为表语，两个谓语结构由并列连词yet连接。

　　⑥The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and

　　主语 谓语 表语 同位语

　　pensions, for example, against hostility from special interests. (P6S4)

　　状语

　　[分析]本句的主干结构为The FASB and IASB have been exactly that...，The FASB and IASB为主语，have been为谓语，表示从过去到现在一直持续的状态，that指代前文中的independent and combative。动名词短语cleaning up rules...则为同位语，举例说明that所指的内容，介词短语on stock options and pensions为后置定语修饰rules，for example为插入语，其后的介词短语against hostility from special interests作状语修饰cleaning up。