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2014考研英语一真题答案

2014-01-24 18:00:23来源：网络

　　Text 2

　　All around the world,lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—withthe possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clientshave more grounds for complaint than America.

　　During the decadebefore the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice asfast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, temptingever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get abig-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filerthat makes the tort system a costly nightmare.

　　There are manyreasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There isjust one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduatedegree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensivepreparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduatewith $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means thatmany cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work, and that they haveto work fearsomely hard.

　　Reforming the systemwould help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been aroundfor a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession havebeen too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to studylaw as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the barafter only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enoughtest for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to

　　do so. Students whodo not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.

　　The other reason whycosts are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of thebusiness. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any shareof a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure forchange from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulatorsinsist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from thepressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.

　　In fact, allowingnon-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve servicesto customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employprofessional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, othercountries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legalprofessions. America should follow.


本文关键字: 2014考研英语 考研英语真题 考研英语答案

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