南京航空航天大学2018年620基础英语初试考研真题

　　that it would take you nineteen thousand years before you would succumb to a fatal accident.

　　Perhaps you have occasionally taken the train for your travels, believing that it would be safer. Think

　　again. Based on train accidents over the past twenty years, your chances of dying on a transcontinental train

　　journey are one in a million. Those are great odds, mind you. But flying coast-to-coast is ten times safer than

　　making the trip by train.

　　How about driving, our typical form of transportation? There are approximately one hundred and thirty

　　people killed daily in auto accidents. That’s every day -- yesterday, today and tomorrow. And that’s forty-seven

　　thousand killed per year.

　　6. According to the passage, which of the following statement about transportation safety is correct?

　　A. The safety of the train is the most concerned one among people.

　　B. The safety of commercial aviation is the most concerned one among people.

　　C. The safety of driving is the most concerned one among people.

　　D. The safety of different transportations is equally concerned among people.

　　7. Dr. Arnold Barnett’s finding that “the death risk per flight was one in seven million” means ___.

　　A. whether a person flies every three years or every day of the year, he will be safe.

　　B. It is not likely for a person to be in danger during flight.

　　C. The possibility of encountering deadly accident is extremely slim.

　　D. One will die if he flies for seven million times.

　　8. According to the author, for those who worry about the safety of flying, they should ___.

　　A. study the flight industry and disclose the mysteries of it.

　　B. be familiar with the statistics and figures as much as possible.

　　C. not argue with others about the safety of the plane.

　　D. not forget that trains and cars are no safer than flying.

　　9. According to the passage, the author argues that ___.

　　A. trains are not as safe as driving.

　　B. driving is more dangerous so people tend to travel by train.

　　C. taking the train to travel is more dangerous than flying so people tend to take flight.

　　D. people still feel the threat of death even they know flying is rather safe.

　　10. What is the best title for this passage?

　　A. The Safest Transportation B. Safety Matters

　　C. No Statistics, No Safety D. Misunderstanding about Flying

　　Passage C

　　New nature writing is a relatively new literary genre, but it’s become so popular that Barack Obama

　　included one of these books, H is for Hawk, by Helen Macdonald, in his summer holiday reading list.

　　What is this new genre? New nature writing combines memoir with the author’s experience with nature.

　　The author has suffered a trauma, and they turn to the natural world for solace. In H is for Hawk, Helen

　　Macdonald tells of the unexpected loss of her father in her late thirties. To distract herself from her grief, she

　　attempts to tame a hawk. It’s not surprising that Obama would choose this book — he, too, lost hi

　　Similarly, Amy Liptrot, in her book The Outrun, describes her return to the isle of Orkney, where she took long

　　walks and rebuilt a stone wall as a way of recovering from alcohol addiction and the breakup of a relationship.

　　These are but two of many recent examples.

　　Writing about nature as a way of easing the pain of illness or trauma is nothing new, of course. John Keats,

　　for example, wrote his poem Ode to a Nightingale in 1819 as he battled tuberculosis.

　　The natural environment seems not only to help us heal, but also to unblock our creative powers. In his

　　novel Amsterdam, Ian McEwan describes the frustration of his main character, Clive Linley, who feels blocked

　　as he tries to finish a musical composition. He leaves London because, as McEwan writes, Linley knew he

　　“needed mountains, big skies. The Lake District, perhaps”.

　　What is it about nature that’s so healing and so inspiring? It seems that just looking at a natural object has

　　a powerful and positive effect.

　　Roger Ulrich at the University of Delaware examined the medical records of 46 patients who’d undergone

　　gall bladder surgery between 1972 and 1981. Twenty-three of them convalesced in a ward that looked out onto

　　an open space full of trees, while the other 23 had a view of a brick wall. Ulrich found that those who viewed

　　the trees had a shorter post-operative stay and took fewer strong analgesics than did the other patients.

　　Whatever it is that the natural environment does for us — whether it’s something in the environment itself,

　　or the exposure to natural light or an increase in exercise that stimulates the release of endorphins — it seems

　　that experiencing the natural world has great power.

　　Distilling that experience into words, music or art can help us even more. As Helen Macdonald explained

　　in a recent interview, writing down her experiences gave her a sense “that something was done, and it was a

　　goodbye to my father and to that time”.

　　Next time you feel blocked creatively, therefore, or you seek relief from pain as you recover from a

　　trauma, make sure you spend some time in natural surroundings.

　　11. Which one of the following cannot exemplify that nature is a way of relieving pain and trauma?

　　A. H is for Hawk B. The Outrun

　　C. “Ode to a Nightingale” D. Amsterdam

　　12. Ulrich’s experiment shows that ___.

　　A. Barack Obama is wise to read the new nature writing.

　　B. patients will never suffer from gall bladder after successful surgery.

　　C. those patients having a view of wall tend to suffer from psychological problem.

　　D. those patients having a view of lives tend to recover better and faster.

　　13. According to the passage, what cannot be concluded or inferred?

　　A. Nature makes people feel peaceful and comfortable.

　　B. Nature will remind people of the sweet memories in the past.

　　C. Nature helps people overcome traumatic experiences.

　　D. Nature is more often than not inspiring for people.

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