南京航空航天大学2018年620基础英语初试考研真题

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　　南京航空航天大学

　　2018 8 年 硕士 研究生入学考试初试试题 ( A A 卷 卷 )

　　科目代码: 620

　　满分: 150 分

　　科目名称: 基础英语

　　注意: ① 认真阅读答题纸上的注意事项; ② 所有答案必须写在 答题纸 上，写在本试题纸或草稿纸上均无

　　效; ③ 本试题纸须随答题纸一起装入试题袋中交回!

　　I. Vocabulary (20 points)

　　A. Choose the word or phrase marked A, B, C, and D to best correspond to the word above. Be sure to write

　　down your choice on the answer sheet. (10 points)

　　1. oblivious

　　a) subtle b) obvious

　　c) unaware d) unknown

　　2. divergence

　　a) connection b) difference

　　c) depletion d) isolation

　　3. incongruous

　　a) inappropriate b) unusual

　　c) suitable d) consistent

　　4. resourceful

　　a) thoughtful b) witty

　　c) excited d) delighted

　　5. reproach

　　a) movement nearer to a person or thing

　　b) an act of thinking about something carefully

　　c) a feeling of great sadness

　　d) an act of blaming somebody

　　6. consolidate

　　a) strengthen b) take care of

　　c) encourage d) support

　　7. masculinity

　　a) heroism b) a process of an action

　　c) manliness d) frustration

　　8. pejorative

　　a) full of praise b) existing widely

　　c) humorous d) expressing disapproval

　　9. covet

　　a) want b) protect

　　c) hide d) consider

　　10. shrug off

　　a) destroy b) laugh at

　　c) dismiss d) remove

　　B. Directions: Explain the italicized words in the following sentences with simple, everyday words or

　　expressions in English. Be sure to write down your explanation on the answer sheet. (10 points)

　　1. Peter was conspicuous for his queer jeans.

　　2. The King’s English should not be laid down as an edict, and made immune to change from below.

　　3. Alice is so fastidious about her food that I never invite her for dinner.

　　4. With a clamor of bells that set the swallows soaring, the Festival of Summer came to the city.

　　5. Rebellion was not confined to the United States, but affected the entire Western world as a result of the

　　aftermath of the first serious war in a century.

　　6. She laughed at my clumsy compliment and said I had better take to writing fashion articles instead of

　　political leaders.

　　7. This ideal “parcel” service is also a plus for the shipowners not to be dependent on only one customer.

　　8. The storm of abuse in the popular press that greeted the appearance of the new dictionary is a curious

　　phenomenon.

　　9. “I got a curious nature, ma’am. How’d you figure where your husband was?”

　　10. On the day of the bombing I ran all over the city looking for missing friends and relatives, and I thought

　　somehow I had been spared.

　　II. Cloze (20 points)

　　A. Fill in each of the following blanks with a suitable word in its proper form and write down the required

　　word on the answer sheet. (10 points)

　　Earlier today, my colleague Derek Thompson argued that; it’s misleading to think of marriage 1 a

　　“luxury good”. Why? Because luxury goods are something the 2 buy and the poor can’t afford. But in

　　the case of 3 the trend is more complex. The vast majority of Americans tie the knot at some point in their

　　lives, he argues. It’s just that those 4 a college education are far, far more likely to get divorced. Marriage

　　is for everyone; failed marriages are 5 the poor.

　　Bleak stuff. But it’s getting bleaker.

　　Derek’s post is based 6 a long-term study of young Baby Boomers, who were at least 46 7 old

　　by 2010. But among younger Americans, marriage really is looking more and more 8 something you’d

　　have to buy at Tiffany's. According to 2012 Census Bureau report, 9 shows the percentage of men who

　　have never married by age and income, the less a guy earns nowadays, the 10 likely they are to have ever

　　gotten married.

　　Well, that’s not l00 percent true. Among twenty-somethings there seems to be a rich bachelor 11

　　going on (or an overworked young professional effect, if you prefer). Those making $75,000 or more are

　　somewhat less likely to have been married than 12 making between $40,000 and $75,000.

　　This particular set of Census data unfortunately tells us much less about 13 and marriage. The

　　problem: Stay-at-home moms.

　　The key to remember, though, is that many educated, high-earning women, the sorts who are likely to meet

　　and 14 educated and high-earning men, leave the workforce or go part time once they have children. So a

　　B. Directions: Explain the italicized words in the following sentences with simple, everyday words or

　　expressions in English. Be sure to write down your explanation on the answer sheet. (10 points)

　　1. Peter was conspicuous for his queer jeans.

　　2. The King’s English should not be laid down as an edict, and made immune to change from below.

　　3. Alice is so fastidious about her food that I never invite her for dinner.

　　4. With a clamor of bells that set the swallows soaring, the Festival of Summer came to the city.

　　5. Rebellion was not confined to the United States, but affected the entire Western world as a result of the

　　aftermath of the first serious war in a century.

　　6. She laughed at my clumsy compliment and said I had better take to writing fashion articles instead of

　　political leaders.

　　7. This ideal “parcel” service is also a plus for the shipowners not to be dependent on only one customer.

　　8. The storm of abuse in the popular press that greeted the appearance of the new dictionary is a curious

　　phenomenon.

　　9. “I got a curious nature, ma’am. How’d you figure where your husband was?”

　　10. On the day of the bombing I ran all over the city looking for missing friends and relatives, and I thought

　　somehow I had been spared.

　　II. Cloze (20 points)

　　A. Fill in each of the following blanks with a suitable word in its proper form and write down the required

　　word on the answer sheet. (10 points)

　　Earlier today, my colleague Derek Thompson argued that; it’s misleading to think of marriage 1 a

　　“luxury good”. Why? Because luxury goods are something the 2 buy and the poor can’t afford. But in

　　the case of 3 the trend is more complex. The vast majority of Americans tie the knot at some point in their

　　lives, he argues. It’s just that those 4 a college education are far, far more likely to get divorced. Marriage

　　is for everyone; failed marriages are 5 the poor.

　　Bleak stuff. But it’s getting bleaker.

　　Derek’s post is based 6 a long-term study of young Baby Boomers, who were at least 46 7 old

　　by 2010. But among younger Americans, marriage really is looking more and more 8 something you’d

　　have to buy at Tiffany's. According to 2012 Census Bureau report, 9 shows the percentage of men who

　　have never married by age and income, the less a guy earns nowadays, the 10 likely they are to have ever

　　gotten married.

　　Well, that’s not l00 percent true. Among twenty-somethings there seems to be a rich bachelor 11

　　going on (or an overworked young professional effect, if you prefer). Those making $75,000 or more are

　　somewhat less likely to have been married than 12 making between $40,000 and $75,000.

　　This particular set of Census data unfortunately tells us much less about 13 and marriage. The

　　problem: Stay-at-home moms.

　　The key to remember, though, is that many educated, high-earning women, the sorts who are likely to meet

　　and 14 educated and high-earning men, leave the workforce or go part time once they have children. So a

　　publicist who once made over $70,000 a year might 15 earn $20,000 if she decided 16 work fewer

　　hours while 17 for her children at home.

　　Here’s why this trend--not just the move towards divorce like Derek talked about, 18 the move from

　　marriage entirely -- is so gloomy. Getting married, and staying married, is 19 of the surest ways of

　　securing a middle class life. By choosing 20 to wed in the first place, the poor are abandoning that chance

　　at stability.

　　B. Fill in each blank with a proper word from the following box. Change its form if necessary and write down

　　the required word on the answer sheet. (10 points)

　　lean to sound spread by down cry lap

　　presence one before pagoda attack into assassinate sorrow

　　put gloom turn forgiveness

　　NEW DELHI, JANUARY 30, 1948 -- Mohandas K. Gandhi was 1 today by a Hindu extremist whose act

　　plunged India into 2 and fear.

　　Rioting broke out immediately in Bombay.

　　The seventy-eight-year-old leader whose people had christened him the Great Soul of India died at 3:45

　　P.M. (1:15 A M. EST) with his head cradled in the 3 of his sixteen-year-old granddaughter, Mani.

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